Harsh Physical Discipline: Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Primary Caregivers of Pre-school Children in Ethiopia.

Int J Child Maltreat · 2022 · PMC9211779 · PMID 35757599

Europe PMC DOI

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showed a trendno p-value reported

However, when these variables were entered for multivariate analysis, only age of child above 5 years showed a trend for higher use of harsh physical punishment.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The result indicated a trend for observers of Protestant religion to be at greater risk for using harsh physical disciplining, but that did not reach statistical significance.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.