Nicotine Exposure during Rodent Pregnancy Alters the Composition of Maternal Gut Microbiota and Abundance of Maternal and Amniotic Short Chain Fatty Acids.

As shown in Figure 8 A, changes in relative gene expression in the female cecal tissue that were primarily altered in response to pregnancy included an upregulation of the tight junction regulator occludin ( p < 0.04; two-way ANOVA), down regulation of the sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1 ( Smct1 or Slc5A8 ; p < 0.02) linked to SCFA transport, and a strong trend for upregulation of mucin 3 ( Muc3 ; p < 0.06) linked to gut epithelial lining protection.

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Pregnancy tended to increase, while NIC tended to decrease, the plasma levels of all measured SCFAs, apart from hexanoic acid ( Figure 6 B), although this did not reach statistical significance.

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