Nicotine but not saline self-administering or yoked control conditions produces sustained neuroadaptations in the accumbens shell.

Action potential firing elicited by current injection showed a trend toward increased excitability [repeated measures ANOVA, main effect treatment: F (1, 39) = 3.672, p = 0.0627; time F (7,273) = 62.99, p < 0.0001; time × drug F (7,273) = 1.237, p = 0.2825; Figure 4F ], and reduced latency for AP firing [repeated measures ANOVA, main effect treatment: F (1, 39) = 3.435, p = 0.0714; time F (7, 273) = 70.88, p < 0.001; time × drug F (7, 273) = 0.9778, p = 0.4476; Figure 4G ].

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This finding was further supported by current clamp recordings, showing a strong trend toward reduced rheobase and AP latency, with a concomitant increase in AP frequency of MSNs.

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