Three-decade assessment of dry and wet spells change across Iran, a fingerprint of climate change.

A positive value for Z shows an increasing trend in the time series, whereas a negative value shows a decreasing trend.

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In the past six (three) decades, the linear tendencies of NWD showed that 20.7% (41.4%) of stations had a negative trend, contrarily 65.5% (37.9%) of stations had a positive trend.

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Null hypothesis is rejected and a significant trend exists in the time series if Z > Z 1 - α / 2 , in which Z 1 - α / 2 is obtained from the standard normal distribution table.

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