Excerpts

We found that: (1) at the distance of 30 m, there were significant differences in F0/F1/F2/F3 in Eurasian magpies, significant differences in F1/F2/F3 in the meadow bunting and Eurasian tree sparrow, and partially significant differences in sound frequency between the upper and lower valley in the other two species; (2) at the distance of 50 m, there were significant differences in F0/F1/F2/F3 in two avian species (large-billed crow and common cuckoo) between the upper and lower valley and partially significant differences in sound frequency between the upper and lower valley in the other three species; (2) there were significant differences in the acoustic intensities of crow, cuckoo, magpie, and bunting calls between the upper and lower valley.

p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and p < 0.01 was considered extremely significant.

This species is also listed as “Least Concern” [ 42 ] on the European Red List of Birds, and its population is estimated at 101,000–269,000 mature individuals with an increasing trend.

A value of p > 0.05 was considered to constitute no significant difference; a value of p < 0.05 was considered significant difference; a value of p < 0.01 was considered extremely significant difference. 3.

Other biomarkers such as Ki-67 or BUB3 showed a trend of being higher in cases with poor survival rates, but without significant results.

Conclusions The juvenile stripe showed a trend of disappearance at about 70 d, and it completely disappeared at about 160 d by phenotypic recording.

However, p values for correlation coefficients between BCS and ADG (r = 0.38, p = 0.065) and DMI in g/day (r = 0.35; p = 0.093) only approached significance.

The crude lipids of the whole body exhibited a decreasing trend with the dietary available P, whereas the calcium and phosphorus of the whole body and bone phosphorus showed an opposite tendency.

Linear mixed-effect models testing for the effects of treatment, age, litter and sex demonstrated a highly significant difference between the treatment group and the control group in “PC 1—Social-Startle” ( Table 8 ) and in “PC 3—Novel Object” ( Table 9 ).

The effect of litter on fear of loud noises became marginally nonsignificant when applying sequential Bonferroni correction. 4.

The ΣPUFA/ΣSFA and Σn − 6/Σn − 3 ratios showed a trend for a linear increase with dietary CO whereas the EPA + DHA showed the opposite tendency.

The percentage of white line disease showed an increasing trend with increasing trim number.

The gray wolf population, however, has shown an increasing trend across Europe in recent decades [ 14 , 15 ]; nevertheless, golden jackals have continued to expand, particularly in areas where wolves are still absent [ 5 , 13 ].

The serum protein values of common carp consuming different ratios of TPE through feed showed an increasing trend depending on the TPE ratio in the feed.

However, unlike other bats that have been reported, the great evening bat ( Ia io ) had a higher abundance of Firmicutes than Proteobacteria, suggesting that there may be significant differences in gut microbiota between bats [ 19 ].

Despite an increasing trend in publication of primate enrichment research, the global COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 was associated with a marked drop in published primate enrichment research ( Figure A1 ).

Clinical staging was identified as a parameter with a highly significant impact on predicting overall survival.

Although not all years were significant in all models, in pigs, an increasing trend can be seen.

Changes in Chamber AT and Bird Core Temperature as Exposed to Different RH Levels As illustrated in Figure 1 , with the increasing ambient temperature in each chamber, the core temperature of birds in each chamber showed an elevated trend under three different RH levels.

We presume that such an observed trend may probably be because of the possible bias in the results due to husbandry and management procedures, the most important of which is the feed supply.

Although statistical significance was not reached in the exposure–safety analysis, a positive trend was observed between AE incidence and C max .

Moreover, in this study, all of the CLA was found in milk C18:2n9c and C18:2n10t, and the content showed an increasing trend after the addition of HSO.

Individuals from all four populations showed a trend that the DF was longer when a man alone was the threat.

For posture classification ( Figure 3 c), speed and X are the strongest predictors of standing up (SU) over lying down (LD), with speed increasing sharply up to 50 before leveling off and X maintaining a positive trend.

Statistically significant was defined as p < 0.05, while p < 0.01 was considered highly significant.