Excerpts

The results of a study in Iran showed that the incidence of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma has had an increasing trend in recent years.

All p -values were < 0.001 unless stated otherwise. Obese participants were less likely to self-perceive as ‘too large’ if they were followed up more recently (OR for accurate perception 0.979 per year) or if they were older (OR 1.01 per year) or male (OR 0.326.) There was also a clear trend of increasing accuracy in weight perception across income categories: obese people earning below the poverty line had an OR of 0.608 for detection, while the next categories had ORs of 0.734, 1 (reference), 1.31, 2.21, and 1.83 (all pairwise p -values ≤0.05.) All ethnic groups were at higher risk of misperception than was the European-American reference group: odds ratios were 0.356, 0.730, and 0.791 (pairwise p > 0.10) for African-American, Hispanic, and ‘other race’ respectively.

Few studies have used a GPS approach to combine greenspace exposure with objective PA in adults, but all have found some indication of a positive trend with PA.

5 b, where Rajshahi are the districts with prevalence increasing during all the survey years, and many districts in the middle-north show an increasing trend from 2007 to 2011 then become stable from 2011 to 2014.

Only very few districts show a decreasing trend.

The significant or highly significant level was set when |Z| > 1.96 or |Z| > 2.58.

There is clear and growing evidence linking the indiscriminate use of antibiotics within small- and large-scale agriculture to the development of antibiotic resistant microbes [ 67 – 69 ], and there is an increasing trend in the use of antibiotics for growth promotion and prophylaxis in commercial agriculture across LMICs.

Conclusion PE prevalence has an increasing trend throughout the years 2013–2017 while prevalence in females is higher than males and displays a higher increasing trend.

Second, all demographic and health characteristics that were marginally significant in univariate analysis were taken into account as covariates.

This positive association between health index and wage is highly significant for each group of workers.

A positive effect of the intervention was defined as presenting length-for-age with a positive trend suggestive of an approach to the appropriate growth trajectory or presenting a L/A compatible with being in the normal growth trajectory .

Meanwhile, there was an increasing trend for all-age DALY rates in contrast to the trend for each age group, suggesting that the population ageing may influence future DALY rates.

Results Projected mean vegetable intake in the total population showed a decreasing trend through 2040 to 237.7 g/day.

By contrast, the tendency to an increase in overweight and obesity represents a worrying trend.

The crude analysis in model 1 indicated that the odds of seeking medical treatment for urban elderly persons is 3 times higher than their rural counterparts and this difference is highly significant (at 99% confidence level).

Figure 1 a shows the epidemic curve, where an increasing trend of daily new cases can be appreciated beginning in July, shortly after the full lifting of control measures.

At the same time, the incidence of AIDS transmitted by homosexual and heterosexual routes in the immigrants also showed an increasing trend.

Among the newly detected HIV infections and patients each year, the number of HIV infections and patients among students showed an increasing trend year by year, accounting for 1.64% of the total cases reported from January to June in 2011, up from 0.96% in 2006 [ 9 ].

The rates of hearing of nPEP services (48.6%), awareness of nPEP knowledge (16.5%), and acceptance of nPEP services (2.4%) among the college students, showed a trend of gradual decline.

Furthermore, the lack of access to antihypertensive drugs was greater in those individuals with less education (1–4 and 9–11 years). Regarding the characteristics of individuals according to chronic diseases, there was a higher prevalence of hypertension among female individuals, with a positive trend with age.

The simulated values based on NDGM showed an increasing trend for future.

In urban China, mortality rates for the 65–84 age groups clearly showed a decreasing trend, which then rose upward; there were fluctuations in the 55–64 age groups without an obvious trend; and mortality in the 20–54 age groups increased gradually over the 1989–2018 period.

The results of our study show an overall trend of cervical cancer mortality rates initially decreasing, and then increasing over the 30-year period between 1989 and 2018.

However, there was an increasing trend in paraquat poisoning in India.

Furthermore, the results of the present study from the regression model found that repetition, posture and force (approximately significant) were risk factors for shoulder symptoms in men, whereas posture (approximately significant) was a risk factor in women (Table 5 ).