Excerpts

A plateau is reached even as early as 7 hpi ( Figure 9C ), and a decreasing trend was observed after 24 hpi ( Figure 9B ).

Under this aerating condition, the amount of SBF continued a positive trend with increasing cell density up to OD 600 of 0.8, the highest in our experiments ( Figure 3A and Supplementary Figure 3 ).

cerevisiae , the concentration of calcium showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, where the calcium ions dissolved in the media reached the maximum on the third or fifth day ( Figure 3A ).

Regarding differences according to treatment, p < 0.05 was taken to indicate significance and 0.05 < p < 0.1 was considered to indicate a trend toward significance.

Opsonophagocytic activity antibody responses before the booster dose showed a decreasing trend, in terms of both the proportion of OPA antibody responders and OPA GMTs.

cerevisiae strains, showing a decreasing trend and an undetectable cell activity in the later stages of fermentation.

circinelloides showed a decreasing trend, while PMG showed a decreasing trend first and then increasing.

Differences in the prediction of gene clusters, as well as similarities in particular segments to compare, showed a trend for bacterial relatedness which reinforces the results from the polyphasic characterization, multilocus sequence typing, and full genome sequencing analyses.

As the global production and consumption of PVA were expected to continuously increase, the content of PVA flowing into the environment accordingly showed an increasing trend ( Kawai and Hu, 2009 ).

Moreover, the proportion of the dominant bacteria Acidothermus in the population showed an increasing trend.

The indexes of Shannon, ACE, and Chao showed a decreasing trend with the increase of sulfur concentration after 1 year of sulfur application, while Simpson showed the opposite direction.

With plant species richness, the SOC, TP, AP, and INV in the soil showed an increasing trend in the BGS, and the N/P ratio obviously decreased, resulting in an increasing trend in the SMF.

From 2005 to 2012, the incidence of HCV in China showed an increasing trend, with a stable trend after 2012.

The geographical distribution of incidence rates in China in 2017 showed a trend of high in the northern regions and low in the southern regions.

The limited range in the observed values of geochemical analytes within any one lake or small (≤5) subset of lakes will result in discounting of geochemical properties influencing microbial community composition that may be significant across a broader range of salt lakes, and is likely to miss the role of geographical distance altogether.

Vertically, the number of OTUs identified from the bottom layer samples was greater than the surface and middle layers at all sampling time points; horizontally, the OTU numbers displayed an increasing trend from the inshore to offshore.

We found that other indexes except antioxidant enzyme and liver coefficient showed a trend of recovery with the continuous influence time of the AFB 1 on liver.

Specifically, for the diet phenotype, the typeIIIc alignment score yielded a marginally significant p -value of 0.052, while the minimal p -value in any of the alternative methods (obtained by the min method) was 0.071 (symmetric2, symmetricP2, symmetricP01, and symmetricP05 resulted in p -values of 0.183, 0.083, 0.075, and 0.09, respectively, and the mean and diagonal methods resulted in p -values of 0.102 and 0.106).

The authors found no effects on mucosal PrEP concentration but detected an impact of the use of lubricant on the gut microbiota, with decreased Bacteroides , increased concentrations of Prevotella (statistically borderline significant), and increased microbial diversity.

During degradation, Starkeya and Hydrogenophaga (K–W test, P < 0.05) first showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend, and their abundance in the NO group was relatively high.

Five of the active strains showed highly significant protection of potato leaves against the pathogen in leaf disc assays, as well as substantial reduction of disease progress in full plants assays.

The incidence rate of cervical cancer at a younger age is showing an increasing trend ( Zheng et al., 2019 ).

Statistical Analysis For statistical analyses, ANOVA was performed using SPSS software, one-way ANOVA was used across multiple groups (one-way ANOVA), and p < 0.05 was considered to indicate an extremely significant difference.

At the same time, the warming trend and precipitation days in the growing season of major grain-producing areas in China have obvious regional changes; that is, precipitation in the western part of China has an increasing trend, while precipitation in the eastern part of China has a decreasing trend.

An increasing trend of paratyphoid fever A has been reported over the past two decades ( Sahastrabuddhe et al., 2013 ), specifically in Asia areas, including Nepal ( Zellweger et al., 2017 ), Cambodia ( Kuijpers et al., 2017 ), and China ( Arndt et al., 2014 ).