Excerpts

p -Values of 0.05 (* and letters), 0.01 ( ** ) and 0.001 ( *** ) were considered to indicate significant, strongly significant and highly significant differences as indicated in the individual experiments.

The CO 2 content showed a trend of first increase and then a slight decrease, and the eugenol treatment group was significantly lower than the control and ethanol treatment groups in the late storage period ( Figure 3D ).

The total phenolic content of fresh-peeled CWCs showed an increasing trend ( Figure 4B ).

3.1.2 Soil pH Soil pH showed an increasing trend with soil depth, both for natural grassland and sown pastures ( Figure 4C ).

A decreasing trend was observed from the surface to deeper layers ( Figure 4A ).

There was a highly significant correlation between the expression levels of GPI ( DN21137_c0_g1 ), SUS ( DN7836_c0_g1 ), INV ( DN56_c0_g1 , DN1439_c0_g3 , DN534_c0_g1 , DN16555_c0_g3 , DN534_c0_g2 , and DN1915_c3_g2 ), HK ( DN26120_c0_g1 ), scrK ( DN7502_c0_g2 , DN7502_c0_g1 , and DN6713_c0_g1 ), MPI ( DN8158_c0_g1 ), GMPP ( DN3245_c1_g2 ), GMDS ( DN608_c0_g1 ), GALE ( DN159955_c0_g2 and DN11833_c0_g1 ), ERD ( DN8548_c0_g1 ), and sucrose content.

Compared with the control group, P < 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant and P < 0.01 extremely significant.

A study concerning the effects of Trifolium repens stem and leaf extracts on Chinese cabbage and Viola yedoensis Makino seedlings found that SOD activity showed a decreasing trend with increasing extract concentration ( Zhang and Zhang, 2011 ), which differs from our results that showed SOD activity being promoted at low extract concentrations but inhibited at high concentrations.

In response to treatment with aqueous extracts of increasing ratoon age, REL exhibited an overall trend of initially increasing before decreasing.

In the roots, Pro content showed a trend of initially increasing before decreasing with increasing extract concentration and was greater in the 40 g·L −1 treatment compared with that in CK for all ratoon ages, but this was only significant for all concentrations when treated with the aqueous extract of third-year ratoons ( P < 0.05).

Our study demonstrated that SOD activity in the leaves of sugarcane seedlings showed a trend of initially increasing followed by a decrease with increasing extract concentration, whereas that of the roots showed an increasing trend.

In terms of Cov within the canopy, the upper canopy coverage (Cov Upp ), middle canopy coverage (Cov Mid ), and lower canopy coverage (Cov Low ) all exhibited an increasing trend with an increase in the flight velocity, such that the Cov Mid at 1 m/s was 2.44%, and the Cov Mid at 3 m/s increased to 6.49%.

As the most significant part of the aboveground biomass (>99%), the arborous layer showed a decreasing trend in the aboveground biomass with the invasion progress.

However, the biomass of the shrub and herbaceous layers showed an increasing trend (shrub significant but herbaceous not), but they only occupied a small proportion (∼1%) of the total biomass.

When the original spectrum is transformed by the first derivative, the correlation with the chlorophyll content of jujube leaves is significantly enhanced in some wavelength bands, among which it reaches a very significant positive correlation at 660, 685, 735, and 754 nm, and at 550, 588, 633, and 702 nm highly significant negative correlation.

Coincidentally, the growth of the SOC indices with the recovery time showed a trend more consistent with the ST indices.

The relative expression of LOC11442911 genes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the relative expression of LOC25498220, LOC25493394, LOC11414942, LOC25487134, and LOC11409053 genes showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.

Mg showed an increasing trend year by year and was significantly increased by grazing rest for 2, 3, and 4 years.

As shown in Figure 15 , a highly significant correlation ( R ≥ 0.77) was observed between qRT-PCR (log2 fold change) and RNA-seq (log2 fold change) data, thus verifying the authenticity of the identified core drought-resistant genes from XZSN in this study.

For all lines, TAG levels showed a decreasing trend over time and a corresponding increasing trend in FFAs ( Figure 2C ).

The long point type showed a decreasing trend with decreasing altitude.

This research focuses on the subtropical mountainous region with a monsoon climate of low latitudes in Southwest China to conduct phytolith morphology analysis of living plants and phytolith/pollen assemblages of topsoil to reveal the indicative significance of vegetation and climate.

ammodendron (34- and 46-year-old), and there was a decreasing trend with growth.

The mean value of leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area of the male parent were all greater than that of the female parent, and the progeny mean value of leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area were all less than the two parents, which showed a trend of small variation.

3 Results 3.1 Yield and yield components The two-year yields of the two varieties showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing N, and the highest yield was observed under the N 2 treatment ( Table 2 ).