Excerpts

An EAPC and its 95% confidence interval (CI) above zero signify an increasing trend in ASR over time.

Likewise, the effect of neuroticism on cortisol tended to be marginally significant and positive in female bowmen.

Although we expected that the strength of cross-modal attention effects would depend on whether sounds are task irrelevant or actively attended to, we only found a statistical trend toward that result.

Additionally, participants show a medium-low level of language anxiety in the institutional context of Spanish as a foreign language (ELE) and experience a positive trend towards changes in their social identity, particularly when it comes to self-confidence.

The latter relation was partly supported by a marginally significant negative relation between GPA and treatment compliance.

The results remained borderline significant after bootstrapping the standard errors (with p -values of 0.067 for motivation and 0.059 for self-concept of school tasks), suggesting some weakness in the robustness of the relations.

A weak trend could be found for the scores on verbal comprehension of Austrian students: the better the eyesight, the higher their verbal comprehension (from IQ 89.63–90.29 and 99.50).

Therefore, it is both theoretically and practically significant to explore the connotations and structural dimensions of leadership taking charge behavior within the Chinese cultural context and develop corresponding localized scales.

In Figure 2 , which shows the relationship between the Total Burnout Score and the Exhaustion Score, a positive trend is observed: as burnout increases, exhaustion also increases, suggesting a positive correlation between the two variables.

Although the interaction effect on household garbage classification recycling is only marginally significant, the results still reveal a potential interaction between message framing and goal progress in influencing consumers’ household garbage classification recycling behavior, suggesting that further analysis is warranted.

The behavior-focused and cognitive self-leadership strategies were, as mediator, marginally significant: positively for work engagement and negatively for general health.

Despite the fluctuation observed in Sara’s moments of enjoyment during the course, the findings of the three interview sessions across the semester indicated that Sara’s trajectories of enjoyment moments had an increasing trend during the semester.

In terms of exploratory innovation, a 2 ( p = 0.056) and a 4 ( p = 0.079) were marginally significant with positive parameters; however, a 1 was not significant.

However, the effect became insignificant with the fabricated advertisements in Experiment 2 and only marginally significant in Experiment 3.

Between dysfunction a) and c) there is a statistical trend for 40% and 50% ablation and a significant difference for 60% ablation.

It is worth noting that all the socioemotional skills that did not show a positive trend in terms of required level were already required at a high level in 2004.

This assumption was supported by a series of highly significant Q tests (reported in Table 2 below), which reject homogeneity in correlations across studies included in a given meta-analysis.

The variable was positively correlated with the anticipated enjoyment for teaching about returning wolves ( r = 0.27, p = 0.01) and climate change ( r = 0.23, p NOADJ < 0.001, p ADJ = 0.05), even though this second correlation, again, was only near significance when adjusted for multiple tests.

These findings may lend support to the Adaptive Control Hypothesis that higher engagement in a dual-language context could confer cognitive control efficiency especially in the verbal domain, though the impact was not strong and only marginally significant.

A marginal difference of presence and a highly significant difference of perceived synchrony were found, with higher scores in the sensorimotor as compared to the conventional group.

While a significantly higher embodiment score for the sensorimotor compared to the conventional group was expected (hypothesis 1), only a statistical trend in the predicted direction (together with a mild difference in presence) was found.

In the smile group, the participants’ IPA showed a decreasing trend, which means the embodied positive emotions activated by the smile facial expression manipulation did not play a positive role in regulating the negative emotions induced by the video but instead significantly increased the implicit negative emotions.

It also disappeared in Mandarin, but in this language, we observed that the older group of children improved in the comprehension of object RCs slightly more than in the comprehension of subject RCs, although this interaction was only marginally significant.

However, the confidence interval shown by the error bars show that this finding was only marginally significant therefore the results should be interpreted cautiously.

Ability Factors Research has firmly established that cognitive ability explains a statistically and practically significant amount of the variability in people’s acquisition of complex skills ( Hambrick et al., 2019 ; also see Ackerman, 1987 , for a review of early studies).