“a decreasing trend”

The total content of disulfide bonds in the frozen dough manifested a decreasing trend with increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles.

The 3‐year risk of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and other complications showed a decreasing trend over the study period, largely driven by reduction in cases with HCV etiology; a similar pattern was observed for hospitalization with HCC.

The GI followed a decreasing trend, starting at 91.7 at 24 h, 107.3 at 48 h, and dropping to 97.7 at 120 h ( Figure C).

In an experiment using ozone to decompose prometryn, the toxicity of the degradation products increased during the initial 0–3 min and exceeded that of the parent compound, followed by a decreasing trend during the 3–30 min, ultimately reducing to about 52% of the parent compound’s toxicity.

A decreasing trend in the intensity of the absorbance peaks is observed as sugar concentration increases, providing the feature of quantitative sensing to the CSRR.

2 C), that is, protein loss showed a decreasing trend as extraction pH increased from pH 7 to pH 11.

, The series resistance ( R s ) shows a decreasing trend, while the shunt resistance ( R sh ) increases, reflecting reduced internal losses and improved insulation, respectively.

They also reported a decreasing trend in grain biomass in wheat exposed to PFOS compared to untreated control; such a trend was not observed in the current study, further confirming that continuous exposure to CeO 2 –NPs, i.e., parental exposures to CeO 2 –NPs, did not affect plant productivity.

Additionally, gas diffusion in pore-free spaces follows a decreasing trend with pressure and the degree of coal metamorphism. status released display-pdf yes is-olf no is-manuscript no is-preprint no is-journal-matter no is-scanned no is-retracted no Received 2025 May 27; Accepted 2025 Sep 29; Revised 2025 Sep 24; Collection date 2025 Oct 14. 1.

However, the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio showed a decreasing trend (Mod: 56.11, Con: 64.8), indicating both increased accumulation and consumption of lactate in the Mod group.

When analyzing the maximum response components with ballast tank liquid volume as the horizontal axis, it is found that as the liquid volume increases, the frequency response amplitudes of roll and yaw under high sea states show a decreasing trend.

A decreasing trend in ∑PAHs with increasing altitude was observed in certain watersheds, especially within the Qunatong River and Yubeng River watersheds ( Fig 8 ), likely due to increased local confluence and enrichment [ 15 ].

The study revealed that: (1) Under the natural development (ND) regulatory scenario, from 2007 to 2021, artificial ecosystems such as farmland, water bodies, and construction land showed an increasing trend, while natural ecosystems such as forests, shrubs, and grasslands exhibited a decreasing trend in the study area.

The NIE remained relatively constant (27.5, 25.5, 25.2, and 26.3%p), resulting in a decreasing trend for the PM (77.9, 70.2, 61.9, and 54.8%, respectively).

Conclusion In summary, this systematic analysis demonstrated that, compared with healthy controls, the intestinal flora abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in Chinese IBS patients showed a decreasing trend, while at the same time, the flora abundance of Enterobacter and Enterococcus was significantly higher.

In the present study, the occurrence rate of PPD treatment in older adults ranged from 1.24% to 0.91%, demonstrating a decreasing trend from 2014 to 2018.

From 1998 to the most recent year available, male smoking rates have exhibited a decreasing trend (66.3% in 1998; 34.0% in 2020) due to anti-smoking campaigns, tobacco taxation policies, and altered social perceptions [ 3 - 5 ].

The IPC showed a significant increase of FFT power in the RESP band, and a trend towards increase in the SaS, ICAs and SSC, versus a decreasing trend in CAq.

In the spectra of the two-photon excitation action cross sections of these endogenous fluorophores, both FAD and LipDH were observed to have a decreasing trend in their two-photon excitation action cross sections near 1000 nm while the two-photon excitation action cross sections of the others started to decrease at much lower wavelengths [ 24 , 25 ].

Conversely, the cohort-specific incidence rates showed a decreasing trend within the same age groups over time, suggesting the positive impact of social development, including improvements in medical testing, increased public health awareness, and the integration of CKD into national public health monitoring programs [ 63 ].

Across all samples, a decreasing trend was observed in all three (CD8, CD3, and CD68) scores with increasing MSLN H-score, but correlations did not reach significance (CD8: p = 0.174; CD3: p = 0.267; CD68: p = 0.432), likely due to low sample numbers ( Figure 4C ).

mutans in the GOS group was significantly lower than in the glucose group and showed a decreasing trend compared to the sucrose group ( Supplementary Figure S2A , right).

According to reports (Osuch and Wawrzyniak 2017 ; Kavan and Haagmans 2021 ), a decreasing trend in the maximum snow cover thickness has been observed on Spitsbergen, with a decline of −5.7 cm per decade, alongside a reduction in the duration of snow cover by 10.0 days per decade in the vicinity of the Polish Polar Station Hornsund.

A decreasing trend in ε f value is more pronounced for RGP contents ranging from 9% to 20%.

Figure 5 (c) illustrates a decreasing trend in band gap values, which declined from 4.94 eV to 4.79 eV with increasing Al 2 O 3 concentration, suggesting the incorporation of Al 2 O 3 influences the glass network’s structural and electronic properties.