“a trend toward significance”

Although the comparison versus non-exercise control showed a trend toward significance, sensitivity analyzes indicated that the conclusion was sensitive to individual studies ( 6 ).

Our current longitudinal study found no statistically significant association between ASCVD risk and HBV/HCV dual infection or HBV infection among PWH but a trend toward significance for HBV/HCV dual infection, raising the notion that perhaps HCV, not HBV, may contribute greater to CVD risk among PWH.

Similar significant improvements were seen with VR with the items “I feel serene” and “I feel boundaryless and limitless.” There was a trend toward significance for “my future is amazing,” again not seen with the 4K computer video.

In the present study, not only was cM1 a significant predictor of mortality, but a trend toward significance was also observed among those with stage cN1 (“limited stage”), suggesting that previous negative findings may be attributable to the combination of two unique patient subsets [ 13 , 14 ].

A p value <0.10 was defined as a trend toward significance, but caution is required and no definite conclusions can be drawn based on trends.

In the absence of additional statistical data one would assume a trend toward significance without quite reaching statistical significance.

While the analysis of raw troponin levels demonstrated a statistically significant association with mortality, the log-transformed troponin levels showed only a trend toward significance (OR 1.78, CI 0.92–3.4).

Interaction analysis between this value with gender, however, showed only a trend toward significance, suggesting a potentially small effect size for the interaction that is underpowered to detect with the current sample size.

There was no significant difference in the 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate (61.1% and 64.8%, pre‐ and post‐DAA group, respectively, p = 0.441); meanwhile, the 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rate in the post‐DAA group was better than the pre‐DAA group (21.1% and 40.2%, p = 0.073) with a trend toward significance.

A value of p ≤ 0.05 therefore only indicated a trend toward significance.

The PASS score was higher in patients with intraoperative hypotension (mean ± SD: 4.12 ± 2.12) compared to patients without hypotension (3.08 ± 1.72), showing a trend toward significance, but this did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.094).

Significance was declared at P -values ≤ 0.05, while 0.05 < P -values ≤ 0.10 were interpreted as a trend toward significance.

In contrast, the beta diversity measurements between the upper Q and lower 3Q groups were similar in women, with only a trend toward significance for the unweighted UniFrac distance ( q = 0.052; Supplementary Figure S5 ). 3.4.

Although the two protocol specified analyses (intention-to-treat and per-protocol) only showed a trend toward significance, the modified intention-to-treat analysis excluding 7 subjects who were determined to be HIV-infected at study entry showed a 31% (95% confidence interval 1.1-51.2) reduction in the risk of HIV infection [ 33 - 35 ], making this the first HIV vaccine to have a statistically significant effect.

In exploratory analyses stratified by sex, sexual minority disparities in prevalence of smoking post-cancer showed a trend toward significance among females, not males.

A trend toward significance was reached when comparing the auditory evoked response amplitudes elicited by attenuated WN with those elicited by WN (loudness change, second paradigm).

A P value between 0.05 and 0.1 was considered indicative of a trend toward significance, while a P value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

A study in a Norwegian population could not find a significant transmission of the pre-eclampsia susceptibility H-allele, but, when analyzing recurrent pre-eclampsia patients only (where disease recurrence is indicative of genetic origin), a trend toward significance of maternal transmission was detected ( Fenstad et al., 2010 ).

We found a trend toward significance for the relation between the localization performance and the interference measure (95%- CI [−0.04; 0.18], log likelihood = −92.02), indicating that the localization performance predicts the interference to some extent.

The decrease in the left lateral temporal cortex (p = 0.08, from 0.127 to 0.067) showed a trend toward significance, but did not reach statistical significance, while changes in the right lateral temporal cortex (p = 0.74) and left entorhinal cortex (p = 0.29) were not statistically significant.

Interestingly we found a trend toward significance for increased retinectomy rate in the combined scleral buckle / PPV group on multivariable regression.

No differences were found for the AAT-Comprehension subtest, while a trend toward significance was evident for the AAT-Naming subtest. 4.2.

Concerning the secondary endpoints, doxofylline was as effective as theophylline in improving FEV 1 , although a trend toward significance [ 30 ] suggested that doxofylline was superior than theophylline concerning the reduction in the use of salbutamol as rescue medication.

Additionally, due to the exploratory nature of the study, p -values ≤ 0.10 are considered indicative of a trend toward significance.

We found a similar Control *Group interaction for the cHIP, when we compared PTSD+ with PTSD−, t (99) = −3.23, p FDR = 0.006, Pp = 1, 95% CI [−1.20, −0.29], and a trend toward significance when we compared PTSD+ with the nonexposed group, t (125) = −1.62, p FDR = 0.071, Pp = 0.995, 95% CI [−0.73, 0.07].