“an increasing trend”

While the proportion of BCLC-B showed a slight decline, BCLC-C, which represents a more advanced stage, demonstrated an increasing trend (p < 0.01, Cochran–Armitage test).

Additionally, there was an increasing trend in Moran’s I value over time, peaking at 0.41 ( P < 0.01) in 2015–2022, suggesting a growing degree of spatial clustering in incidence rates (Table 1 ).

Concurrently, an increasing trend in the frequency of Foxp3 + Tregs was observed ( p < 0.01); however, given the limited sample size ( n = 5), this finding should be interpreted with caution and requires further validation in larger cohorts.

In addition, the mRNA expression level of triacylglyceride lipase ( ATGL ) and lipoprotein lipase ( LPL ) genes was an increasing trend in overexpression of GPX2 ( P < 0.01) ( Fig 2D ).

During the analyzed period, an increasing trend in the use of contraception before hospital discharge was observed (Cochran-Armitage test: z = 6.07; p < 0.01), as well as a trend of increased insertion of IUD (Cochran-Armitage test: z = 8.07; p < 0.01).

Authorship analysis showed an increasing trend in co-authorship ( P < 0.01), with the average number of authors per paper reaching 10.4 by 2024.

The proportion of total outpatient visits of member public hospital has shown an increasing trend by 0.063% before the reform ( p < 0.01), and decreased by 0.089% per month ( p < 0.05) after the reform, while the change of member private hospital showed no significant change.

The Cochrane-Armitage test indicates a declining trend in HGVBP (P = 0.01) and an increasing trend in SR (P < 0.01).

The CD4/CD8 ratio of schizophrenia patients in the 9 studies showed an increasing trend compared with the control group (SMD=0.38, 95%CI: 0.19–0.56, P <0.01, I 2 =34%).

In contrast, brodifacoum residues showed only an increasing trend over time ( p -value = 0.01; R 2 = 0.196) ( Figure 3 b).

Although HPV52 showed an increasing trend (Z = 2.797, p < .01), no discernible upward or downward trend was observed for total high-risk HPV (Z = 0.637, p > .05).

baumannii detections decreased by 1.56 strains/2 weeks after the outbreak compared with the baseline level of the observation period ( p < 0.05), but the long-term effect showed an increasing trend ( p < 0.01).

Conversely, the populations of yeasts and aerobic bacteria in all groups exhibited an increasing trend during aerobic exposure, and the CON had the highest (Fig. 1 C-E) ( P < 0.01).

During the summer nighttime, the warming effect shows an increasing trend of 0.040 K/decade ( p = 0.01), but the magnitude is only about one-fifth of the daytime ΔLST s negative trend (−0.188 K/decade, p = 0.01) (Fig. 1c ).

Notably, the incubation period and SI of the five had both a progressive shortening trend ( p < 0.001); Moreover, R 0 of the five were 2.39 (95% CI: 1.30–4.29), 3.73 (95% CI: 2.66–5.15), 5.28 (95% CI: 3.52–8.10), 5.54 (95% CI: 2.69–11.17), 7.39 (95% CI: 2.97–18.76), with an increasing trend gradually ( p < 0.01); HSAR of the five were 25.5% (95% CI: 20.1–31.7%), 27.4% (95% CI: 22.0–33.4%), 42.9% (95% CI: 34.3–51.8%), 53.1% (95% CI: 45.0–60.9%), 41.4% (95% CI, 25.5–59.3%), also with an increasing trend ( p < 0.001).

The first cases appeared in 2018 (0.01/1000 patient-days), increasing to 0.10–0.16/1000 patient-days in subsequent years—an increasing trend in 2018–2024 (average +0.02/1000 patient-days per year; p = 0.01).

7.6 %, p < 0.01) showed fluctuating utilization rates for ARAs between 2008 and 2020, whereas female patients showed an increasing trend in utilization rates (6.6 % vs. 8.9 %, p < 0.01), similar to the trend observed in the main analysis ( Fig. 3 ).

A decreasing trend was observed for keratoleukoma ( P < 0.01) and an increasing trend for corneal endothelial dysfunction ( P < 0.01), regraft ( P = 0.012), corneal limbal dermoids ( P < 0.01) and congenital corneal opacity ( P < 0.01).

With the increase of fertilization level F 0 to F 2 , the GP and GR of WL354HQ and Xinmu No.4 alfalfa showed an increasing trend, and the GP was highest in F 2 W 2 treatment (0.83% and 0.83%), which were 33.87% and 31.75% higher than that of F 0 W 1 , respectively ( P < 0.01).

The ASR of YLD and DALY showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2021 ( P < 0.01), but the ASR of mortality and YLL showed a decreasing trend ( P < 0.01).

There were 1761 (5.1%) pre-emptive kidney transplantations over the entire period, with an increasing trend in both absolute (4.7% in 1991–1995 to 7.5% in 2016–2021, P < .01) and relative (5.2 pmp in 1991–1996 to 8.7 pmp in 2016–2021) terms (Table 3 ).

After the implementation of the NVBP policy, the continuously increasing trend of the average monthly per-visit expenditure of chemotherapy drugs ( p < 0.01), oral endocrine drugs ( p < 0.01) and TCM ( p < 0.01) has been effectively mitigated; in particular, the average monthly per-visit expenditure of TCM has been changed from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend with 12.22 CNY ( p < 0.01) per month.

Conversely, cyberbullying perpetration exhibited an increasing trend over time (Estimate = 0.05, SE = 0.01, P < .01).

N-cadherin showed an increasing trend in the model group, was significantly reduced by PCN (P < 0.01), slightly decreased in PAL, and significantly suppressed in PAH (P < 0.05), also in a dose-dependent manner ( Figure 6C ).

ES features and in-hospital management The rate of VF demonstrated an increasing trend across STORM stages ( P -trend < 0.01), rising from 27.3% in STORM-1 to 57.1% in STORM-5 ( P < 0.01).