Immunotherapy-Associated Renal Dysfunction in Metastatic Cancer: An Emerging Challenge in Onco-Nephrology.

Cancers (Basel) · 2025 · PMC12249259 · PMID 40647391

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0680

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

Significant differences in eGFR were observed after cycles 1 through 3, with highly significant reductions emerging from cycle 4 onward (all p < 0.001).

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showed a trendp = 0.054so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Baseline antibiotics showed a trend toward association ( p = 0.054).

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near-significantp = 0.068so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Similarly, diuretic use showed a near-significant association with an increased AKD risk (OR = 2.97, p = 0.068), possibly due to volume depletion or prerenal hypoperfusion.

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a clear trendno p-value reported

Serial renal function measurements during treatment revealed a clear trend: although baseline eGFR was not predictive of AKD, post-treatment values became progressively more indicative.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.