Global temporal trends and predictions in the burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages: an age-period-cohort analysis for GBD 2021.

In high-middle SDI regions, a decreasing trend in SSB-related CKD mortality only occurred in males aged 80-84 and 85-89, particularly in the 80-84 age group at -0.16 (95% UI: -1.24 to 0.94).

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Regarding period effects, low-middle, middle, high-middle, and high SDI regions exhibited similar trends, showing a positive trajectory before 2004, which then reversed into a negative trend after 2004.

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Notably, in Mexico, local drift decreased overall across age groups, indicating a positive trend.

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Period effects for low-middle, middle, high-middle, and high SDI regions showed an improving trend before 2004, but an adverse trend after 2004.

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China and India, characterized by large populations and high CKD prevalence, exhibited an unfavorable trend with no reduction in mortality across all age groups; both period and cohort effects worsened in recent years.

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