Association between fusion and clinical outcomes after anterior cervical discectomy at 1-, 2- and 5-year follow-up.

At earlier follow-up points, the differences in VAS arm pain did show a trend, but did not reach statistical significance (W52: 6.0, 95% CI –6.6 to 18.6, p = 0.346; W104: –11.5, 95% CI –24.2 to 1.3, p = 0.076).

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Linear regression analyses revealed a clear trend suggesting favorable long-term VAS arm and neck pain scores in the patient’s demonstrating fusion with statistically significant lower VAS arm pain (mean difference: –18.9, 95% CI –36.9 to –0.9, p = 0.040) in the fusion group at 260 weeks follow-up.

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VAS neck pain scores showed a trend, but no statistically significant differences between groups across follow-up (W52: 3.2, 95% CI –8.1 to 14.5, p = 0.572; W104: –1.5, 95% CI –13.8 to 10.8, p = 0.808; W260: –12.7, 95% CI –30.9 to 5.6, p = 0.170).

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