Vicarious learned helplessness: a translationally relevant novel model of stress contagion elucidating sex-dependent prefrontal cortex pathology.

Front Behav Neurosci · 2026 · PMC12999966 · PMID 41869633

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.1150

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

However, a highly significant main effect of Group was observed ( p < 0.001).

also in 132,142 other papers

narrowly missed statistical significancep = 0.054so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

showed a trendno p-value reported

The demonstrator group showed a trend toward increased immobility, though it narrowly missed statistical significance ( p = 0.054).

also in 227 other papers

a strong trendp = 0.055so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The female vicarious group showed a strong trend toward reduced grooming ( p = 0.055).

also in 5,725 other papers

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.115not close (p > 0.1)

The difference between the vicarious and demonstrator groups did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.115).

also in 111,027 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.