Mechanical loading and fatigue-induced changes in triceps surae muscle-tendon unit: sex-specific responses and recovery dynamics.

Front Physiol · 2026 · PMC13033542 · PMID 41918908

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hedged sentences

0.0530

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0860

boldest claim

The sentences

near-significantp = 0.053so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

AT cross-section area A significant main effect of time was observed for the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the middle portion of the Achilles tendon (AT) (F = 4.028; p = 0.025; ηp 2 = 0.168), accompanied by a near-significant sex × time interaction (F = 3.166; p = 0.053; ηp 2 = 0.137).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.086so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Immediately after the fatigue protocol, MTUSTF increased significantly in males at 20%–40% ROM ( p < 0.001; d = 1.161), whereas the increase in females did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.086; d = 0.841) ( Figure 3 ).

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a strong trendno p-value reported

SOL nEMG increased immediately after fatigue in both sexes, reaching statistical significance in males (119.3% ± 34.9%; p = 0.048, d = 0.55) and showing a strong trend in females (116.8% ± 27.1%).

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