Effectiveness of mHealth Interventions for Improving eHealth Literacy Among Patients With Chronic Diseases: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

J Med Internet Res · 2026 · PMC13089675 · PMID 41996563

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.1000

closest p · 2.0× alpha

0.1000

boldest claim

The sentences

failed to reach statistical significanceP =.10so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The test for between-group differences failed to reach statistical significance ( P =.10).

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a suggestive trendno p-value reported

Consequently, this grouping outcome should be regarded more as a suggestive trend than as a definitive effect modifier.

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highly significantno p-value reported

However, the 95% PI was very wide (PI −5.40 to 8.63), indicating that true effects may vary considerably across implementation contexts, ranging from apparent ineffectiveness or even negative outcomes to highly significant benefits.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In contrast, the subgroup with intervention for more than 3 months had larger point estimates, but its combined effect did not reach statistical significance, and the PI was extremely wide.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.