Genetic association study of adiposity and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) common variants: replication and functional characterization of non-coding regions.

While the association between the minor alleles of these two nsSNPs and lower BMI did not reach statistical significance among Health ABC white participants ( Table 2 ), the association did reach statistical significance among white females (rs52820871 P -value = 0.03, rs2229616 P -value = 0.01) ( Table 3 ).

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The previously identified top hit in the distal LD block 3′ of MC4R , rs17782313, was associated with higher BMI in all race and sex stratified analyses, but the association failed to reach statistical significance ( Table 2 , Table 3 , and Table S2 ).

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This association was nominally significant in white participants ( P -value nom = 0.004), but did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing ( Table 2 ).

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Thus, when leptin levels are adjusted for percentage body fat, the association between rs1943225 and higher leptin levels was observed to be highly significant in white females ( Table 3 ).

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