Discussion The main findings of this study include: (a) a clear trend towards reducing stroke incidence, 28-day case-fatality and 1-year mortality rates; (b) an increase in the frequency of elevated blood pressure, myocardial infarction, Type 2 diabetes mellitus and AF among stroke patients, but decrease in the frequency of current smoking; (c) better survival of acute stroke patients across all ethnic groups; and (d) persistent differences in stroke incidence, mortality rates and risk factor prevalence across the four major ethnic groups in NZ.
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30-Year Trends in Stroke Rates and Outcome in Auckland, New Zealand (1981-2012): A Multi-Ethnic Population-Based Series of Studies.
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Moreover, unlike similar studies,[ 14 , 30 , 44 ] we found a significant trend towards increase in the prevalence of elevated blood pressure, history of myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus among stroke patients and this may be a contributing factor to the observed differences in NZ compared to other high-income countries.
The proportion of recurrent strokes has shown a statistically significant decrease over the study period overall and NZ European and Maori people in particularly, although the level of recurrent strokes (21.4%) in NZ remains relatively high compared to some other developed countries.[ 52 ] There was no statistically significantly change in the proportion of recurrent strokes in Pacific, Asian and other ethnic groups in NZ from 1981 to 2012 and but showed a trend towards increasing.