The Relationship between Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function.

J Cardiovasc Echogr · 2020 · PMC7706370 · PMID 33282642

Europe PMC DOI

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In addition, TNF alpha levels demonstrated a trend to be higher in patients with higher NYHA functional class, although they did not reach statistical significance on directly comparing each of Classes I and II, or Classes III and IV.

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showed a trendno p-value reported

Mean serum TNF showed a trend toward increase with worsening heart failure symptoms in the form of increased the New York Heart Association functional class.

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a significant trendno p-value reported

The mean serum TNF showed a significant trend toward increase with increasing NYHA functional class, P (for trend) <0.0001.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.