Immediate post-operative cognitive status showed an overall impairment in all domains of cognition, significant for the domains of attention ( p = 0.0273) and flexibility ( p = 0.0234) and almost significant for the domain of language ( p = 0.0547).
Of those four categories, the differences in attention (category 2) and flexibility (category 6) were the only statistically significant findings ( p = 0.0273 and p = 0.0234, respectively), while the difference in language (category 1) tended towards significance ( p = 0.0547) ( Figure 2 A–F).
Nevertheless, olfactory groove meningiomas and their surgical treatment impacts 4 out of 6 domains of cognition, with a significant postoperative worsening of attention and flexibility ( p < 0.05) (as well as a marked tendency towards significance for the category of language) and cognitive flexibility that persists even after a one-year follow-up.
The late follow-up at one year showed a trend towards general improvement, although attention and flexibility remained impaired.