Using 48 video recordings of livestock herding dogs and sheep in a yard trial competition, event-based (time between behaviours is irrelevant) and time-based (time between behaviours is defined) lag sequential analyses identified several significant behavioural interactions (adjusted residuals greater than 2.58; the maximum likelihood-ratio chi-squared statistic for all eight contingency tables identified all sequences as highly significant ( p < 0.001)).
Excerpts
The HMR model for intentions to sterilise semi-owned dogs in the future was highly significant F(9, 48) = 11.45, p < 0.001.
The significant level of datum was declared at p < 0.05, and the extremely significant level of datum was declared at p < 0.001.
A solid and highly significant relationship exists between core area and home range size (Spearman’s correlation r = 0.96, df = 5, p < 0.001).
Hub Gene Expression Pattern In the validation population, RFI in the high feed efficiency group ranged from −0.089 to −0.004 g/d (mean: −0.017 g/d), while that in the low feed efficiency group ranged from 0.006 to 0.034 g/d (mean: 0.017 g/d), showing a highly significant difference between the two groups ( p < 0.001).
Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, where 0.05 ≤ p < 0.1 indicates a significant trend, and p < 0.001 indicates a highly significant difference. 3.
Under the AR1 structure, the time effect was highly significant (F(6, 108) = 314.26, p < 0.001), confirming the expected progressive weight gain over the experimental period.
Hence, SP-7, with a pH of 7.2 ± 0.1, had a trend for higher values than CON-0 ( p = 0.07), CIDR-7 ( p < 0.05) and CIDR-14 ( p = 0.05), while the differences were highly significant when assessing the SP-14 group, with a pH of 8.0 ± 0.2, against SP-7 ( p < 0.001) and CON-0, CIDR-7 and CIDR-14 ( p < 0.00001 for all).
Considering only treatment, the mice spent significantly less time in the area treated with TMT (52.1 ± 5.9 s) than in the untreated area (343 ± 13.8 s), and this difference was highly significant, F(1,17) = 393.90, p < 0.001.
Complex S*E Model for Ethiopian Regions The complex model (2) with strain, environment, sex, and all their two-way and three-way interactions showed highly significant S*E effects ( p < 0.001; bold in Table 6 ) when using the Ethiopian region as the environment.
The farm characteristics of farm size, herd size, total, per cow and per hectare milk production each had positive effects on all excreted nutrient loads, with highly significant ( p < 0.001) effects observed for farm size, herd size, and total milk production ( Table 3 ).
Sperm Motility in Sexed Porcine Semen The quantitative assessment of Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) parameters demonstrates a highly significant discriminatory impact ( p < 0.001) of the sexing process on the kinematic integrity of porcine spermatozoa, revealing a clear disparity between X- and Y-enriched populations ( Table 4 ).
The results showed highly significant ( p < 0.001) differences, with a distance of 582 m covered per 24 h on average at the beginning, 391 m in the middle and 261 m at the end of the fattening period.
Correlation tests, seen in Table 3 , indicated a highly significant correlation ( p < 0.001) between the breed and implementation of extended lactation.
The ANOVA for PC1 yielded a highly significant F value of 183.2 ( p < 0.001), indicating a robust distinction in PC1 values between these groups.
Positive impacts were also seen when including OTM in basal diets, but a far greater number of highly significant ( p < 0.001) results were found in studies when total replacement of ITM with OTM occurred.
Regression (E l(0) = 0.756 × ME intake − 504.3) was highly significant ( p < 0.001), and the R 2 value was 0.75.
This analysis revealed highly significant main effects of tissue for all seven genes (all p < 0.001), indicating strong tissue specificity ( Supplementary Table S11 ).
Biochemical Parameters in Serum As shown in Table 4 , there was an increasing trend of activities of GOT and GPT with the increasing proportion of LQBFM combined with 0.50% CAs; the lowest values were both found in the LQBFM20+CAs group ( p < 0.001).
ANOVA results for the response surface data ( Table 2 ) revealed that the regression model was highly significant ( p < 0.001) and exhibited a non-significant lack-of-fit term ( p = 0.578).
Using a dependent (paired) t -test, highly significant differences ( p < 0.001) were found in most of the feed ingredients but not DDGS.
For the enterocyte area, the main effect of the apelin reached significance ( p = 0.019), while all other interaction and segment effects were highly significant ( p < 0.001).
On the other hand, when evaluating the severity of the lesions, it was observed that there were significant ( p < 0.05) and highly significant ( p < 0.001) differences in some of the locations between the groups.
Significance levels are denoted as * p < 0.05 (significant), ** p < 0.01 (highly significant), *** p < 0.001 (extremely significant). 3.
Probiotic supplementation had a highly significant linear effect ( p < 0.001) on villus height.