Excerpts

Of the remaining countries, three (Sweden, Canada and New Zealand) showed a significant trend for increasing prevalence, and four had significant differences detected between years without a consistent trend (Fig. 4 ).

Both groups showed a downward trend by year in the proportion of visits to rural medical institutions but an increasing trend in the proportion of visits to county health facilities (Table 1 ).

DID analysis of medical expenses and health service utilization for CHD outpatients The DID model in Table 5 showed that in the first year of implementing the capitation prepayment reform, compared to the control group, total outpatient expenses reduced by CNY 13.953 and drug expenses decreased by CNY 11.289 in the pilot group; the Medicare payment in the pilot group declined by CNY 8.707 and out-of-pocket expenses did not change significantly; there was a decreasing trend in treatment expenses, examination expenses and laboratory expenses in the pilot group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

In the EU, a decreasing trend in poisoning rates was observed between 2001 and 2012 (-7.3%), while rates remained stable in subsequent years.

Besides those high-middle SDIs with the most deaths in all years, the middle, low-middle, and high SDIs shared an increasing trend in 1990–2019 but a decreasing trend in 2002–2009, respectively.

Females shared more deaths and higher levels of DALYs than males among those aged ≥ 75; additionally, both death rates and DALY rates showed an increasing trend in all ages (Fig. 1 C and D).

A decreasing trend of ASDR was detected in 19 regions between 1990 and 2019, while the EAPC of ASDR is increasing in only two regions (East Asia and Southeast Asia) (Table 1 ).

The DALYs of IHD attributed to a diet high in red and processed meat increased in males, peaking at 55-59 and 60-64 years old (Figures 4 B and D), and in females, the DALYs also showed an increasing trend and peaked at 65-69 years old, before starting to decrease except for the 80-84 age group (Fig. 4 B).

Although the decrease in cardiovascular risk within the intervention group was not statistically significant, it indicated a positive trend.

Among these cities, the data showed a trend of sharp decreases between T1 and T2, followed by modest increases from T2 through T4.

Moreover, the prevalence of depression and anxiety is highly significant when the primary caregiver is older or has a low educational level [ 13 ].

Comparison of pre-post themes determined a positive trend at follow-ups, demonstrating improved participatory outcomes.

Taking the 50th percentile (9 °C) of DTR as the reference value among the single-day lag effect model, the impact of the ultra low value (5th percentile) of DTR exists throughout the day 1 to day 14 with an increasing trend.

When exposed to ultra high T mean, the danger of MetS showed a decreasing trend, with a greatest RR value of 1.074 (lag 0, 95% CI: 1.029, 1.121).

The number of diseases presented an overall trend of mild decrease with the time of TPA per week increasing within a certain range in 2015 (Fig. 1 A).

Mortality decline has occurred among men from 2010 to 2019, and in women, although the trend of mortality has been almost constant between 2010 and 2014, since 2014, there has been a decreasing trend (Fig. 1 ).

We found that prevalence generally followed a decreasing trend with increasing age.

Though the dropout rate from 2020 to 2021 was not found to be significant, the overall pooled result showed that the dropout rate through the rears was highly significant (OR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.30–0.72).

Particularly concerning are families because the increased poverty rate is more prevalent among them compared with the general population, and because children’s consequences may be significant [ 4 ].

The corresponding OR estimate for individuals who worked 35–54 h per week and had a low level of informal participation was about twice as large at 1.99 and highly significant (CI = 1.33–2.97).

The second group ( n = 30), the ‘high use trajectory’ group, reported an increasing trend in utilization from time 1 (3.66) to time 3 (7.36), then a small decline of utilization from time 3 to time 4 (6.16).

2 indicates a highly significant 15% reduction in common cold severity.

Despite this, a prior study indicated that having previously been diagnosed with an STI showed borderline significance [ 34 ].

Regarding YLD rates, a decreasing trend was observed in China (-1.61), while a dramatic increasing trend was observed in Northern Mariana Islands (0.41) (Table S1 , Fig. 3 D).

While in our study women were more likely to buy sunscreen, the difference was of borderline significance.