Excerpts

Balanced time perspective (BTP) is a significant trend in the field of time perspective ( Webster and Ma, 2013 ), and it is the key to a fulfilling existence ( Boniwell and Zimbardo, 2003 ).

The average number of citations per article shows an increasing trend over time. 3.2.

These findings suggest that there may be significant overlap in mechanisms, however, more research is needed to clarify the potential cognitive impact of experimentally controlling deck selection opposed to free choice.

The association between education and profile membership was marginally significant for the 20% and 22.5% subsets, and statistically significant for the 25%, 31%, and 34% subsets.

As the effects were highly significant for all aspects of situational interest, we proceeded with the aggregated measure of situational interest in the two main experiments. 7.

Broadly, professional identity, learning satisfaction, and willingness to teach exhibited a decreasing trend with the number of times they participate in practice.

As seen in the figure, self-compassion displayed a positive trend in the intervention group. 4.

Based upon our observation of a numerical trend, we conducted a series of exploratory partial correlations between fixation durations and mean performance during each of the five IGT blocks controlling for group.

Blink count A one-way ANOVA on average blink count revealed a highly significant difference between groups.

The meta-analysis indicated a moderate positive impact size (r = 0.328), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from 0.165 to 0.474 and a highly significant p-value of 0.000.

In the context of medicine, it can be stated that intuitive concern is practically significant because it represents an indication of what has been registered as potentially beneficial for the rational goals of harm prevention and health promotion.

Table 5 (short version) shows five representative items with statistically or practically significant improvements in math/science engagement and confidence.

Therefore, both digital technology support and digital device support may be significant correlates of college students’ self-efficacy levels.

The data also showed a trend of negative correlation between emotion dysregulation and pretend play and storytelling performance in the visually impaired group, emphasizing that greater dysregulation was associated with lower pretend play skills.

Linear regression analyses for emotional experiences revealed a marginally significant negative association between Relaxation Engagement scores and the frequency of ‘Negative emotion’ themes in the Passive Protocol group, b = −1.3457, t (52) = 1.96, p = 0.05 ( Figure 6 ), suggesting that lower levels of relaxation engagement during the passive protocol were associated with a larger increase in negative emotions reported by mothers.

Meanwhile, Cluster 0 shows an almost homogeneous distribution across the age groups with proportions of 15%, 13%, and 11%, respectively, and Cluster 4 exhibits an increasing trend with age, from 7% in [0–8) to 13% in [8–12) and 21% in [12–100].

In light of this result, a significant trend or difference in the time dedicated to crafting between men and women was anticipated, but this was not observed.

The results showed a trend in which older artisans reported greater happiness, had fewer years of formal education on average, spent fewer weekly hours on non-craft activities, and began their craft work at a younger age, reflecting generational differences in work trends.

The second research question was: (RQ2) When examining the hierarchical effects of CL on students’ learning outcomes in a cross-domain analytical framework (affective, cognitive, physical, social), how does the measurable effect trend? The meta-analytic findings revealed that the effect of CL on students’ learning outcomes exhibited statistically significant differences across learning domains in PE: The highest standardized ES was observed for social domain (0.612), followed by a decreasing trend for cognitive (ES = 0.589), physical (ES = 0.471) and affective (ES = 0.304) domains.

After controlling for mystical experience, the effect of aesthetic experience remained significant for quality of life ( β = 0.14, p < 0.05), depression ( β = 0.19, p < 0.01), and anxiety ( β = 0.16, p < 0.05), while sleep quality ( β = 0.11, p = 0.07) and alcohol use ( β = 0.10, p = 0.09) approached significance.

Future research should further investigate the relationship between social abilities and gender identity as there may be significant societal implications for better understanding the interplay between social profile and gender identity.

However, the mean scores of empathy levels showed an increasing trend, indicating that the empathy levels of first-year students improved gradually after a semester of study and life experience.

The non-significant correlation coefficients may suggest an overall trend of weak-to-medium correlations of observed aggression with trait questionnaires’ total scores, although still weaker than those found in the combined sample.

Figure 3 shows the simple slope analysis diagram, at both the levels of only and non-only child, the mediating effect of AA between SC and MAP showed a decreasing trend.

However, in this study, no open-ended responses explicitly used terms such as “spiritual” or “religious.” Therefore, it is predicted that even if Japanese travelers experience substantial spiritual changes through TTE, they may not recognize these changes as “spiritual.” This tendency suggests that while the transformative effects of TTE may be significant, their interpretation within the Japanese cultural context does not necessarily align with conventional Western conceptions of spirituality. 6.4.