Excerpts

Regardless of the route, increases in breath concentrations for the oxidative stress-associated VOCs (i.e., acetone, 2-butanone, and 2-pentanone) from the pre-exercise state were observed, whereas the isoprene breath concentrations showed a decreasing trend as the intensity of physical activity increased (from rest to the walk up to the run) ( Figure 6 ).

Climate change increases the frequency and severity of EWE, such as heatwaves, wildfires, violent storms, floods, dust storms, and droughts; alters the pattern and distribution of vector-borne diseases; reduces crop yields; and contributes to population displacement from acute and chronic stressors such as resource scarcity and sea level rise [ 1 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], making it a highly significant to resultant and related diseases and injuries [ 15 ].

In Dujiangyan, forest and farmland are the main components of the ecosystem, and the amount of farmland change is the largest and has been in a decreasing trend.

LPI was on an increasing trend with an increase of 0.0153%.

In all the variables, the differences by residential dissonance type were highly significant.

They found a positive trend in the relationship between green and blue spaces and health, but results appeared inconclusive, lacked consistency and depended on socio-economic factors [ 83 ].

Simple linear regression demonstrated a highly significant relationship between PAHs concentration and DNA damage.

However, this result was only weakly significant at baseline.

According to a Japanese study using the NSPDP, there has been an increasing trend of unreported (it was defined as career break in this study) peaks at 25–34 years of age, and women tended to have more unreported peaks than men [ 15 ].

Climate change cannot be predicted with certainty, which reduces the interest of private investors in climate adaptation due to the lack of a revenue stream or a clear trend of avoided costs.

From 1990 to 2015, the land expansion intensity index of rural residential areas in Hubei Province showed an overall trend of “rise-decline-rise-decline” (inverted “W” trend).

From the perspective of the absolute values of the coefficients, its impact on the changes in the area of rural residential areas showed a decreasing trend from west to east.

In addition to the fact that videos promoting harmful therapies have large number of views, a marginally statistically significant difference has been found between the number of likes of videos including dangerous treatments in their content and the number of likes of the videos that precisely deny harmful treatments.

While the use of natural products in lieu of chemical pesticides can be seen as a positive trend, the potential health risks for allergic workers, as well as the general population, has yet to be investigated.

An increasing trend in the HR-RS index seems to be desirable when monitoring endurance training, while the interpretation of other recovery-related parameters, what kind of change should be regarded as worthwhile, as well as the choice of the monitoring variables may need a more individualized approach.

Participants declared a frequent use of these instruments with a clear trend of using them at night.

The results demonstrated that after adding the two predictor variables from the follow-up survey, supportive interaction in the baseline survey had a marginally significant effect on treatment adherence in the follow-up survey (β = 0.155), whereas facilitator input variety in the baseline survey did not show a significant effect on treatment adherence in the follow-up survey.

Compared to clothed skin, hair and scalp skin are relatively unprotected areas of the body and are likely to be significant sites of exposure during and after a chemical incident.

On the whole, the average employee educational level of Taiwan’s SMMCEs from 2009 to 2018 showed an increasing trend, which also reflected the impact of the rapid expansion of Taiwan’s higher education in recent years on the MCI.

However, a clear trend on the effect of the surface properties, on the amount of meat exudate removal was not demonstrated when the surfaces were cleaned perpendicular to the linear features.

These results are consistent with the results by previous studies, which have found a decreasing trend in the agreement between the members of the couple when it comes to exerting sexual violence.

With respect to the expressive suppression strategy, H6 and H8 were not supported, since the negative correlation between engaging in pleasant activities and cognitive happiness was not significant (although this approached significance).

Tumor marker tests performed before each cycle showed a decreasing trend.

In column (3) in Table A2 in the Appendix A , when the outcome of quitting instead of intention or attempt is considered, self-reported good health is no longer significant but the estimate on number of chronic diseases is highly significant.

In the literature, we have not been able to find an overall trend in the results, which remain heterogeneous due to the lack of similarity in the studies.