Excerpts

An increasing trend in fracture toughness with rising sintering temperatures is noticeable for this series.

The SPAN values and average particle size exhibit a clear trend.

Therefore, as the number of dry–wet cycles increases, the flexural strength of the SP composite system shows a decreasing trend.

Therefore, with the increase in the number of dry–wet cycles, the compressive strength of the SPB10 composite system is higher than that of the basic SP system, showing an increasing trend.

Figure 4 showed that under the condition of full immersion, the mass of the mortar sample presented an increasing trend.

Currently, there is a clear trend towards printing with non-Portland cement binders, which significantly reduce CO 2 emissions (approximately 80%) and energy consumption (approximately 60%) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].

AE activity shows an increasing trend; this occurs because microcracks begin to form, nucleation and convergence occur, and, finally, the microcracks propagate stably [ 51 ].

There is an increasing trend toward the application of bioactive glasses in different areas of biomedicine, including tissue engineering and oncology.

Based on the results in Table 3 and Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the key findings are summarized and discussed below: The pore properties of CD-based biochar products indicated an increasing trend as the microwave output power increased from 300 to 800 W at a holding time of 5 min, suggesting an increase in the surface area and pore volume due to more pore development.

The product yield showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing with the CO 2 pressure and the highest activity was obtained at 1 MPa.

A significant drop in current densities is observed in the first 2 h of testing, after which currents are relatively stable but still show a decreasing trend.

An interesting trend was observed when comparing the data obtained herein to catalysts synthesised by simultaneous deposition [ 5 ].

The results showed that with the increase in GP replacing FA, the fluidity of the alkali-activated materials gradually decreased, the shear stress and the equivalent plastic viscosity both showed an increasing trend, and the paste gradually changed from shear thinning to shear thickening.

Unlike water curing, the development of compressive strength of the air-cured samples showed an increasing trend, and the strength of samples added with Nes was higher than that of #1 samples with pure MgO.

On the other hand, an adverse trend of surface roughness decreasing with increasing gamma irradiation doses has also been reported [ 41 , 42 ].

When the dynamic stress amplitude and vibration frequency were large, the axial strain of the coral sand samples increased with the vibration frequency, and the growth rate exhibited an increasing trend.

The stiffness of the three girders showed a decreasing trend due to the continuous development of concrete cracking in the whole working stage with cracks.

Due to the speed of propagation of the sound in solids being greater than that in air, when the cracks are filled, the solid phase of the asphalt concrete increases, the gas phase decreases, and the wave velocities show an increasing trend.

On the other hand, the conductivity showed more significant differences among the different volcanic materials and an increasing trend with time.

However, as the water-binder ratio increased, the compressive strength of mortar samples showed a trend of rapid decline.

A clear trend is the fabrication of multifunctional coatings that require the combination of different properties in the same material.

This study indicates that the slump of concrete is reduced by the inclusion of recycled steel fibers and shows a decreasing trend with an increase in the fiber content.

As the molar ratio of F to Ti content in the precursor solution increased from 0.1 to 0.3, the sensor’s response to 10 ppm formaldehyde exhibited an increasing trend.

For example, depending on the condition of its surface, differences in the emissivity for steel may be significant, as demonstrated in Table 1 .

Both the residual stress and strain exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing initial deviatoric stress.