Excerpts

It was noted that the physical, mechanical and chloride penetration resistances have generally displayed a decreasing trend, with an increase in the manmade plastic aggregate replacement fractions as compared with reference lightweight concrete.

fiber density did not display a clear trend.

The hardness shows a decreasing trend as thickness increases.

However, the distribution curve of Mo exhibited a decreasing trend, showing a high and dense peak in α phase, indicating that the distribution of Mo was different between the two phases.

This improvement is quite significant; however, it should be noted that the weight of the composite has also increased significantly, owing to the incorporation of glass fibers.

A noticeable increase in the ultimate deflection, i.e., the deflection of the post-peak softening branch at which the specimen attains 85% of its load capacity, was only found when ten vertical reinforcing bars were put in place (21% and 25% for pitch reduction from 250 mm up to 150 mm and 50 mm, respectively), while a clear trend was not revealed for six and eight longitudinal rebars [ 51 ].

Investigating for fractal dimension and texture analysis, to the authors’ mind, is an interesting trend in dentistry.

From Figure 7 and Table 4 , the CTEs of glass-ceramics showed a decreasing trend along with the increase in temperature, but a gradual increase with the amount of tuff.

The temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient shows an increasing trend in performance as the applied temperature is increased, as seen in Figure 7 b.

It can be seen from Figure 4 that under various temperature conditions, the instantaneous friction coefficient of intermittent braking generally fluctuated greatly, but during 10 min of operation, the instantaneous friction coefficient under various temperatures showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

The decrease in ambient temperature first caused an increasing and then a decreasing trend of wear rate of the brake disc and reached the maximum value (84.5 μg/r) at 0 °C.

TEH has gained much attention in many applications and is an increasing trend for publication [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].

The selected samples 7, 5, 3 attract attention with a clear trend towards a decrease in the volume of the droplet fraction ( Figure 2 b) and the average droplet size.

From the stress–strain curves, the calculated yield strength (0.2% YS) values shown in Figure 8 B described an increasing trend with martensite content.

Confinement effectiveness showed a decreasing trend with rise in temperature.

Therefore, the elimination or degradation of p-NP using a cost-effective and highly efficient method is highly significant for mitigating its adverse impact on the environment.

After 40 F–T cycles of the sample, the total number of pores increased from 20,832 to 24,160 by about 15.98%, and the number of pores in all ranges showed an increasing trend.

For DH neat asphalt, the λ of PPA-modified asphalt and PPA/SBR-modified asphalt shows an increasing trend, indicating that the addition of PPA reduces the relaxation rate of asphalt, which is not conducive to asphalt stress dissipation.

For WTA3, WTA4, and WTA5 composites with higher TaC contents, the thermal conductivity turns to an increasing trend with temperature.

The increase in temperature increases the chance of collision between free electrons and metal ions, and the thermal conductivity shows a decreasing trend.

Hence, in the last decades, there has been a clear trend towards reducing the use and improving the characteristics of the materials necessary for constructing the structures surrounding us [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].

Unfortunately, despite an expected increase in oxygen concentration for the bottom probes due to water cleaning the source surfaces, a clear trend in oxygen distribution was not found.

As for the two-sided convergence, the −706-rail crosscut, rail rise-entry, and return air rise-entry were less affected by the lithology of the roof, and only the transport rise-entry showed a decreasing trend.

It can be seen from Figure 8 that in the roof-to-floor convergence, affected by the roof lithology, each roadway showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.

In the stage of impact unloading, although the attenuation rate of the impact force and the growth rate of the rupture degree show an increasing trend with the increase in the impact velocity, the rupture degree increased obviously only when the impact speed was higher.