Excerpts

Our results are consistent with data from previous studies in sub-Saharan countries showing an increasing trend on smoking rates as well as early smoking initiation in adolescence [ 20 ], suggesting that increasing youth smoking is a major public health concern in the entire region.

The current results extend these findings by showing an association between recent stressful life events and hippocampal volume (again on the right, although borderline significant on the left as well) in a sample of healthy young men and women.

Such a linear effect across the utterance types is in line with previous monolingual research on metaphor comprehension, and indicates an increasing trend of resource intensity of mappings between concepts from literal, to conventional metaphoric, novel metaphoric, and anomalous utterances [ 18 , 29 ].

The effect of water intermittency was highly significant for the two species after accounting for the variation with altitude, with ca. 60% of explained variation ( R 2 adj ) for both models ( Table 2 ).

Thus, even in the case where infants were presented with unimodal audio and visual stimuli, univariate statistics and MVPA decoding yield different (but highly significant) results, suggesting that these analytic approaches provide different types of information.

All of the simulation-predicted wear volumes ( Fig 11 ) reasonably match the experimental load-dependent wear rates, and a clear trend of increasing wear with increasing load is observed both numerically and experimentally.

Excluding data from 2007, a decreasing trend in mortality and increasing trend in LTF were still observed (p<0.001).

Our results of an increasing trend in LTF over time are similar to LTF trends reported from other HIV programs in developing countries [ 7 , 33 – 36 ].

Maternal age, race, education, household income, smoking, folic acid supplementation, conception through ART, and infant sex were not significant risk factors for either GH or PE (those who declined reporting household income had lower incidence of PE with marginal significance).

It showed a slightly increasing trend in the CCl 4 treated mice as well but from the 9 th week it was significantly lower compared to the TA groups.

The technological classification globally always follow a decreasing trend, corresponding to more and more isolated classes, i.e. specialized inventions, confirming the stylized fact obtained in previous subsection.

heterophylla , there was an increasing trend for flowering from W1 to W4 in the monoculture treatment, whereas the trend was not significant in the mixed culture treatment.

Current injecting drug use appeared to be negatively associated with engagement in HIV care, but was only marginally significant.

A decreasing trend was obvious for f with increasing nd .

An increasing trend for catalytic activity in the timeline suggests that after massive gene loss cellular organisms increased catalytic activity, binding function, enzyme regulatory activity, and transporter activity in order to adapt to new lifestyles.

At enzyme concentrations higher than 50 mgL –1 , a decreasing trend in decolourisation efficiency was observed.

The highly significant statistical relationship between jumps and composite calls is consistent with the idea that composite calls are a byproduct of jumping.

Conclusions Considering the fact that Iran has a growing number of elderly and older age population and has an increasing trend of other CKD risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, this country is likely to face a high burden of CKD in near future.

With respect to the longitudinal control measure, however, there was a significant trend for SDFO, but not for SDD, possibly because it is difficult for participants to accurately know how far 20 meters is on the stimulator screen even though they had been trained to keep this distance.

The content of clay in the upper half of the core shows an increasing trend.

The Total Heavy Mineral (THM) content in the sand dominant sediments of the Ayiramthengu borehole core exhibits a decreasing trend towards the bottom of the core.

Conclusions We found obesity has a subtle impact on cognition in obese individuals, and when obesity is present in individuals with MDD, this impact may be significant.

In alpha proteobacteria, for example, two functional groups near Rhizobium (group a, Fig 1 top) and Bradyrhizobiaceae (group b, Fig 1 middle) show highly significant difference in similarity indexes with respect to neighbour taxa.

The three-way interaction between free-market support, inoculation, and misinformation was significant for perceived consensus and AGW acceptance, and marginally significant for attribution.

reported highly significant correlations between ergometry parameters and bicycle uphill-times (r = 0.92–0.97).[ 8 ] Knechtle et al. predicted running performances of female half-marathoners using anthropometric and training variables such as body weight, skin-fold thickness and mean speed during training sessions.[ 9 ] Howev