Excerpts

The Amount of Carbon in Grain, Straw, and Postharvest Residues The factors studied had highly significant effects on the amounts of carbon in grain, straw, and postharvest residues ( Table 3 ).

For seedling parameters, the seedling vigour index (SVI) showed a decreasing trend when germinating the seeds in the presence of salt, but the differences with the control seeds were not statistically significant.

In the yellow tulip SL, the anthocyanins were Cy and Pg, which also showed a decreasing trend.

The total anthoxanthin content in the white tulip and the red tulip showed a similar decreasing trend, while an increasing trend was observed in the black tulip.

As for the other eight JAZ subfamily genes, three members in different subgroups ( EoJAZ1 , EoJAZ4 , and EoJAZ20 ) showed gradually increasing expression from 1.5 h to 6 h and reached the highest upregulation at 6 h treatment; two members including EoJAZ3 and EoJAZ12 had the highest expression levels at 24 h treatment, with EoJAZ3 displaying an increasing trend over the whole process but EoJAZ12 showing downregulation before 24 h; while the expressions of the other three JAZ V members ( EoJAZ10 , EoJAZ18 , and EoJAZ19 ) were upregulated only at the early stage of treatment (1.5 h).

From 1902 to 1990, the SPEI in East Asian countries except South Korea indicated an increasing trend from spring to summer, and the lowest value appeared in autumn and winter when the drought was the most severe except in Mongolia and Japan.

By comparing the GO annotation results of the CK and ST novel isoforms, it became clear that the number of novel transcripts involved in the different functions in young maize roots following short-term salt stress generally exhibited a decreasing trend.

This study also observed a decreasing trend in chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content under low-N conditions compared with the normal provision of N content, which may be due to the destruction of the chloroplast and photosynthetic organ.

As shown in Figure 1 d, it could be seen that the leaf area index (LAI) in all treatments showed an increasing trend as rice grew.

Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization Treatments in Ratooning Rice on Greenhouse Gas Emissions During the ratooning season, methane (CH 4 ) emissions showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing, with a peak around 25 days after the first season’s harvest ( Figure 2 ).

With a 10% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer, ‘Luyou 1831’ showed an initial increase and then a decrease in cumulative N 2 O emissions in 2022, and a decreasing trend in 2023. ‘Yongyou 1540’ showed an increasing trend in cumulative N 2 O emissions in 2022, and a decreasing trend in 2023.

With a 20% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer, the yield showed an increasing trend as the amount of phosphorus fertilizer increased.

It was found that GRA and RAE, the most abundant glucosinolate in broccoli and radish sprouts, respectively; showed a trend of increasing, then decreasing with the increasing of UV-A intensity, and it reached the highest level at 12 W UV-A intensity, which was 2.99 and 2.84 times that of the control.

The highest chlorophyll content in broccoli sprouts was recorded at 12 W light intensity, which was 13.45 times of control, and showed a decreasing trend at 16 W.

As depicted in Figure 2 a–c, the water content of all the treatments presented a decreasing trend with an increase in soil water suction, which decreases sharply before 0.5 bar (100 kPa) and, subsequently, changes more slowly at 1–15 bar (100 kPa).

However, for 2014 (5–10 cm) and 2015 (0–5 cm), M showed a trend of being higher.

Almost all the key enzyme genes showed a trend towards downregulation after 1 h of ABA hormone treatment, and then upregulated to the initial expression level after 8 h, including UrGES , UrG8H , Ur7DLH , UrLAMT , UrAS , UrTDC and UrSTR .

The expression trend of UrCUL2-likeA and five genes in the pathway ( GES , G8H , AS , TSB , ST R) had a highly significant positive correlation; among them, UrCUL1-likeB and UrCUL1-likeC showed a significant positive correlation ( TSB , TDC ) with two genes in the pathway, respectively, and a significant negative correlation with the expression pattern of 7-DLGT and AnPRT ( Figure 8 c).

Moreover, delayed transplanting and sowing dates correlated with an increasing trend in ADT, which is consistent with earlier studies [ 28 ].

Figure 3 B shows the changes in POD activity during leaf senescence; it was found that POD exhibited a decreasing trend and H 2 O 2 treatment caused significantly lower POD activity at 24 h and 3 days of storage.

The average WST displayed an increasing trend in 99.9% of the study area, with significant spatial variations ( Figure 1 b).

Further analysis, accounting for the different phenological phases, revealed a consistent trend of advancement in all phases, except for the fruiting peak (non-significant) and fruiting late (marginally significant; Table 1 and Figure 1 ) phases.

As shown in Figure 3 , as maturity approached (after bagging for 9–12 W), fruit firmness, titratable acid (TA), vitamin C (Vc) and absorbance index differences (I AD ) of different bagged groups showed a decreasing trend, while SSCs and peel color indexes L, a and b continued to rise.

Currently, the diversity of plant communities in the region expresses a decreasing trend due to the limitation of phosphorus in forest soil, but whether seedlings have the same sensitivity to soil nitrogen and phosphorus elements remains poorly understood.

Root average diameter expressed an increasing trend with the increasing nitrogen concentration in the nitrogen–phosphorus interaction treatments ( Figure 1 b), and showed a significant decreasing trend with the increasing phosphorus concentration in the N 3 P i treatment.