Excerpts

The precipitation trend over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is spatially varied, with increasing trends for most of the regions, especially in the eastern and central areas, whereas the western areas exhibit a decreasing trend [ 4 ]. 1.2.

Nevertheless, only MsZIF1 of all the genes studied here showed a trend towards increased expression in roots with increasing foliar Zn dose, which might indicate a role in detoxification of excess Zn in roots through its sequestration with NA in the vacuole.

Due to an increasing trend of temperature (with sea surface temperature up to 35–38 °C) and aridity in the Cretaceous period [ 35 , 62 , 63 ], a hexose-dominant sugar profile may have posed water balance problems for plants.

In spite of the statistically insignificant difference between the five groups of naturalness from the aspect of land use, Figure 2 b (right), Figure 3 b (right), and Figure 4 b (right) show a clear trend of decreasing intensity of management at higher degradation level.

It was possible to observe an increasing trend in the number of plantlets, mostly after 2019, when the total number of plantlets surpassed the number of juvenile plants, for the first time, during our study.

There is a decreasing trend in height and diameter that occurred mainly after 2018 in the exclusion areas A(1–3) ( Figure 6 ,c), but this trend did not occur in the control areas A(1–6), where these values are much more heterogeneous ( Figure 6 b,d).

The prediction accuracy was lowest in the subset of training population with 100 landraces with an increasing trend as the population size increased.

This was particularly evident for spike traits, showing a highly significant G × Y interaction ( Table 2 ).

The general bioprocess, “cellular process” (GO:0009987), is also highly enriched in the D10W30 gene set, with an odds estimate of 2.25 and a highly significant p -value of 2.76 × 10 − 8 .

The possibility of using different legume types in various forms in order to create innovative foods such as pasta [ 1 ], yoghurt [ 2 , 3 ], bakery products [ 4 , 5 ], drinks [ 6 ], etc., is an increasing trend nowadays that may satisfy the consumer demand.

In the combined analysis of variance, the main effects, genotypes and environments were highly significant (52 + 136.1)/284.1 and explain 66.2% of total variation.

Genotype, environment and its interaction were highly significant.

Moreover, a slightly increasing trend was observed in T 0 , T 1 , T 2, and T 6 from class 5 to class 9 ( Figure 5 b).

The predominance of water limitation on dryland plant diversity showed a weak trend with decreasing aridity, while the effects of energy on plants were found to be significant in mesic regions.

However, the physiological attributes themselves were in a clearly significant positive correlation because of their longitudinal identical vectors.

In multi-location trials, the selection for grain yield stability involves an estimation of the interaction between the genotypes and the environments (GEI), which is sometimes highly significant.

To date, three reports showed a decreasing trend for N assimilation in response to eCO 2 plus warming.

chlamydosporia alone, and an increasing trend in plants inoculated with the endophyte and stressed by either RKN or TR4.

The genes of the turquoise submodule in needles showed an increasing trend with prolonged drought time ( Figure 5 b).

One highly significant SNP on chromosome 1 (SNP:1_30038228 (T/C); q -value < 0.01) was associated with the SDW ratio ( Figure 4 c; Table 2 ).

In addition, the correlation coefficients of grain-related traits were extremely significant under four environments, while it was 0.78–0.87 for GL among different environments and it was also significantly correlated with TKW and GW, which were 0.42–0.71 and 0.21–0.57, respectively.

In addition, the highly significant difference interactions between genotypes and environments for grain weight related-traits among RILs were detected by ANOVA analysis ( Table 2 ).

Overall, the NPP showed an increasing trend over Northeast China, with the average rate being 4.48 gC/m 2 ·a.

The NPP showed a decreasing trend that was mainly concentrated on grass, crop, and disturbed forest areas. 2.3.

Specific leaf weight (SLW), the dry weight of a leaf divided by its area, does show a clear trend with blue light significantly increasing SLW.