Excerpts

The data obtained showed that the effects of different nitrogen concentrations on lettuce sprayed with PGPR were consistent with previous reports, with plant growth showing an increasing trend [ 11 , 20 ].

For both measures, there was a negative trend when the numbers of A. petiolata increased.

In our investigation, Zn content shows a clear trend in line with changes of bacteria and fungi diversity and taxonomic structure of the phylloplane, showing a negative effect on its microbial diversity, corroborating the findings discussed above.

The Dothideomycetes class dominated in both groups—those with a decreasing and an increasing trend ( Figure 8 B,C).

In addition, the interaction between Genotype x Herbicide treatment was highly significant ( Table 1 ) indicating that the studied genotypes behaved differently under different herbicide treatments for DFLR and DMAT in the different environments.

There were highly significant positive correlations between TKW and GWS (r = 0.71).

We noticed an overall trend of the decrease in reflectance in bispecific assemblages compared to monospecific stands.

However, the differences in fruit yield and yield components were also highly significant among varieties across the two seasons ( Table 4 ). ‘Cossu’ plants yield low fruit number per plant in both seasons, but especially in 2021.

As illustrated in Figure 4 a, the two pre-germination methods had no significant effect on the seed germination rate of Dunkelfelderand and Marselan but resulted in extremely significant differences in the seed germination rates of Meili and Ecolly, and a significant difference in the seed germination rate of Garanior and Cabernet Sauvignon.

Correlation analysis between the tiller number at each stage and yield showed a highly significant correlation in 2019, except for at stage t4.

The relationship between the C T -values of these two RGs was a linear and highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.836 **).

Together, these factors could generate a low availability and take-up of nutrients, possibly due to leaching or occlusion processes [ 89 , 90 ], especially in the case of nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TPho), but also, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration showed a trend toward a negative relationship with the concentration of the phytochemicals measured in our study.

Because of climate change discussions and the demand for more local food production to reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation distances, there is now a clear trend to establish greenhouses and indoor vertical farms near urban and peri-urban areas to bring operations closer to the consumers [ 187 ].

Almost all members of BnaSYN61s and BnaSYN63s genes showed a trend becoming up-regulated in both 84039 and Zhongshuang9 varieties in response to S. sclerotiorum , while BnaSYN62s were down-regulated, implying that BnaSYN6s are associated with plant resistance.

Moreover, both salt and exogenous JA reduced the performance of the Car pigment in comparison with the control, for instance, displaying a decreasing trend with an increasing salt concentration in both soybeans.

In agreement with these findings, the SFW and RFW followed a decreasing trend as NaCl concentration increased.

Differential Expression Analysis The results of observing the pedicels of Gr and UD at the full flowering stage showed that the pedicel diameter of Gr was thicker and showed an extremely significant difference.

An evident trend indicating an increasing accumulation pattern of phenolics from vegetative stage to flowering, followed by a decrement towards the seed ripening and plant senescence was achieved.

All genotypes except Ka showed a trend of optimum shoot number at water levels close to the soil surface; the decrease of shoot number from water levels at the soil surface to lower water levels was significant in genotypes Rue1 and PV2 , the decrease towards higher water levels was significant in genotype PV2 .

With the increase in roasting time, aroma I generally showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend; aroma II appeared to have a decreasing trend; aroma III presented a growing trend followed by a decreasing trend; the total relative content of aroma IV fluctuated and was significantly lower than that of the unbaked tea sample at baking times of 2 h, 6 h, and 7 h ( Figure 4 ).

pomponium (where it is present) in the different micro-niche types (Kruskal–Wallis test: p -value > 0.01; pair-wise Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni adjustment: p -value > 0.05— Supplementary Material Figure S2 ) despite a slight trend towards fewer flowers and individuals in niche types 3 and 4 ( Supplementary Material Figure S3 ). 2.5.

There was a highly significant interaction between ozone and maximum July temperature ( Figure 7 ), which suggests that in colder areas, the ozone effect is smaller than in warmer areas. 4.

Interestingly, while no changes were observed in root fresh or dry weight ( Figure 3 B and Figure S1 ), there was a clear trend (although not statistically significant) in the shoot and total plant fresh weight at 25 mM and 175 mM NaCl versus control.

speciosa For ptDNA, the neutrality tests turned out to be non-significant ( Table S3 ); however, negative values close to significance were registered for the Azores region.

Correlations among Traits All measured traits except PV showed highly significant positive correlations between means recorded under control and heat conditions in 2007 ( Figure 2 , upper triangle).