“a decreasing trend”

However, unlike the changes in pupal body mass, the thorax/abdomen ratio of males in the early starvation refeeding and intermittent starvation treatment groups showed a decreasing trend as the duration of the starvation treatment was prolonged, whereas the thorax/abdomen ratio of males in the midterm starvation refeeding treatment group showed an increasing trend and was significantly larger than those of the males in the early starvation refeeding and intermittent starvation post-feeding treatment groups.

In particular, we observed significantly high levels of both CCR7 and DMT1, together with a significant reduction in the M2 phenotype marker, CD206, and a decreasing trend in the phenotype switching marker pSTAT6 in IBD macrophages compared to CTR macrophages.

A positive Z value indicates an increasing trend, while a negative Z value indicates a decreasing trend.

Conversely, the expression of DGCs follows varied trajectories: the upregulation of siaD contributes to increased c-di-GMP, whereas wspR shows a decreasing trend in expression.

Interestingly, infection increased enzyme activity only in the female groups, which inverted the previously described dimorphic pattern in all groups of uninfected mice, and a decreasing trend in SOD activity was detected as the concentration of free testosterone increased in both sexes ( Figure 3 A).

Overall, a decreasing trend in mortality is observed [ 21 ], probably due to improvements in treatment strategies and approach algorithms led by multidisciplinary teams.

In general, there was a decreasing trend in bacterial survival with increasing GO@PEI-PFIL-Ag + /Ag/AgBr concentration, contact time, or both.

Experimental results demonstrated that within the aging temperature range of 480–620 °C, matrix dislocations consistently maintained non-uniform distribution characteristics, though their regional heterogeneity exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing temperature.

During the plastic deformation process, both the yield strength and tensile strength of 6061 aluminum alloy decrease with increasing strain rate, while the plastic elongation shows a decreasing trend as the strain rate increases.

From Table 2 , it can be seen that the P max value continued to increase with the increase in the sintering temperature while the E c value showed a decreasing trend.

The CH content in the LC-10, LC-20, and LC-30 samples showed an increasing trend from 3 days to 28 days but a decreasing trend from 28 days to 60 days of age.

In terms of quantifying residual austenite, analyses were conducted on the austenitized specimens using XRD, as shown in Figure 13 , retained austenite (RA) volume fraction revealed a decreasing trend after cryogenic treatment, reducing from 9.53% in the CHT sample to 8.43% after 2 h of immersion (CT2/T2) and further to 6.51% after 20 h of immersion (CT20/T2).

Determination of Mass Loss The results obtained for mass loss ( Figure 13 ) show values close to each other after 28 days of curing for all the formed families; however, a decreasing trend is observed with the increasing OSBA content.

Post-experiment, LF and HF/LF in the TS protocol displayed an increasing trend, while PNN50 showed a decreasing trend.

The rutting factor of asphalt samples shows a decreasing trend with increasing temperature, which is due to the transformation of asphalt from a viscoelastic body to a viscous fluid under the action of high temperature, which reduces the shear deformation resistance and rutting resistance [ 25 ].

Trace amounts of brucite (Mg(OH) 2 )—identified by characteristic peaks at 0.239, 0.474, and 0.157 nm, along with the 318 phase and AFm (3CaO·Al 2 O 3 ·CaSO 4 ·12H 2 O), with characteristic peaks at 0.895, 0.450, and 0.287 nm—appeared in the shallow layers but disappeared in the deeper layers, following a decreasing trend with depth.

After two passes of radial forging, the ZK60 alloy exhibited a high fraction of DRX grains and a decreasing trend of average grain size ( Figure 7 d,f).

In our study, a decreasing trend was maintained throughout 2020, when we had 35.9% fewer inpatients than the previous year.

Conversely, the peak intensity of the SmCo 5 phase exhibits a decreasing trend.

Additionally, TN, AN, AP, and AK concentrations showed a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth.

As shown in Figure 8 , with the increase in the mass of dissipative particles, the peak of the radial distribution function near r = 1 shows a decreasing trend, indicating the gradual dissociation of cluster structures among magnetic particles.

In patients who underwent ESD, a decreasing trend in alpha diversity was observed post-treatment; however, this trend was not significant for any index ( p > 0.05; Figure 3 A).

Although elongation at break showed a decreasing trend with higher filler content—an expected outcome due to the presence of rigid domains that facilitate crack propagation—all values remained suitable for elastomeric applications.

Evidence of external determinants influencing PROM use can be hypothesized from our results showing a decreasing trend in documented PROM use across each year of the study period.

Although the Simpson index also showed a decreasing trend, the change was not statistically significant.