“an increasing trend”

The root-mean-squared-error (RMSE), indicative of the model’s prediction accuracy, showed an increasing trend with age: 7.37 in the 40 to 50s age group, 7.33 in the 60s, 17.35 in the 70s, 26.60 in the 80s, and 34.78 in the 90s.

With increasing frequency, G′ and G′′ also exhibited an increasing trend attributed to dynamically reversible hydrogen bonding within the internal network [ 35 , 36 ].

With the extension of exercise time (0–10 min), saliva secretion showed an increasing trend in the content of saliva protein, resulting in more protein binding to phenolic compounds and the perception of strong astringency [ 27 ].

As shown in Figure S2 , an increasing trend was found in all of the samples, and there were no significant differences between the control samples and breads supplemented with 10% PSpa ( p > 0.05) at the beginning and on the first day of storage.

SARS-CoV-2-infected patients exhibited a significant decrease in leukocyte count compared to the control group, while CRP showed an increasing trend without statistical significance, which is somewhat consistent with the results in Table 1 .

In this study, we performed segmented amplification of 2000 bp upstream of the transcription start site of the PDLIM5 gene and found that the promoter activity showed an increasing trend with the truncation of the fragment length.

With the growing consumer demand for nutritious and healthy foods, there is an increasing trend of substituting animal protein with plant proteins.

However, the papers published in the WOS database show an increasing trend year by year.

With the infection of Fusarium , the expression levels of these genes generally showed an increasing trend, among which CmLBD20 and CmLBD30 responded most intensely.

The TVBN values of all the samples showed an increasing trend throughout this period, which was attributed to the breakdown of proteins by spoilage microbiota during super-chilled storage [ 53 ].

Interestingly, both the 2021 and 2022 data show that the browning rate and browning index of Ruixue apple after triple bagging treatment displayed an increasing trend at 90 days after full bloom, followed by a decrease, which is consistent with the changes in POD activity, and therefore, the browning of Ruixue apple reflects a similar lignin biosynthesis process as that observed in previous studies [ 40 ].

As the noise variance increases, the noise sensitivity of kurtosis, ApEn and SampEn remain almost unchanged, while the noise sensitivity of FuzzyEn shows an increasing trend.

Introduction Under the rapid development of society and economy and the increasing social competitiveness, the incidence of climacteric insomnia is as high as 43.0% ~ 51.3%, and shows an increasing trend year by year.

With thousands of Canadians experiencing homelessness, and climate projections indicating an increasing trend of extreme heat intensity, magnitude, and duration, this could mean a higher predisposition for heat-related morbidity and mortality among the homeless [ 61 , 62 ].

It is noteworthy that although NGF administration alleviated translocation of FoxO1 into the nucleus, which regulates transcription of both E3 ligases, the levels of the ligases exhibited an increasing trend compared to the non-treated counterparts.

In 2018, approximately 9.6 million people died of cancer worldwide, and an increasing trend in the incidence is currently observed [ 1 ].

Some studies found no association [ 63 , 70 ], others found an increasing trend for diabetes [ 72 ], and two large USA cohort studies reported a lower risk of diabetes with the use of chromium supplements [ 74 ] or in subjects with detectable amounts of Cr in the urine [ 75 ].

In unadjusted analyses, pre-pandemic PTD showed an increasing trend that continued during the pandemic (relative risk (RR) = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.06).

[ 22 ], the shear modulus of emulsions with the increased addition of Gum Arabic showed an increasing trend.

The addition of the T-ZnO whisker to the PBAT/PLA blend showed an increasing trend in the tensile strength of the composite films, which can be attributed to uniform distribution of the T-ZnO whisker in the PBAT/PLA blend matrix [ 19 ], and the ability of the T-ZnO whisker to withstand stress and transfer to the tetra pod needles when the force is applied to one dimension of the needle [ 21 ].

As depicted in Figure 3 , the EEG indices R ( α / β ) , R θ /( α + β ) , and R ( α + θ )/( α + β ) exhibited an increasing trend over time during the driving task.

Citric acid exhibited an increasing trend throughout the harvest period, starting from the lowest content of 16.92 mg/g on 25 July and rising to 33.93 mg/g on 6 September.

The proportion of individuals with a university education or above has exhibited an increasing trend, with a 31.4% increase in 2020 compared to 2011.

The carbon sequestration costs of collective forests in China have shown an increasing trend since 1992.

Both genders showed an increasing trend in the ASMR.