“modest significance”

This returned 5 SNPs that showed modest significance with the phenotype.

The major limitation of our study is a relatively modest significance of the observed effect of the candidate locus for this study does not exclude the risk of false positive results due to multiple testing, well below the significant threshold commonly accepted for statistical significance in GWAS, i.e., 5 × 10–8 which is related to the relatively small effect size and small size of the study cohort, as well as relatively high number of patients lost in follow-up.

However, such level of clinical response is of modest significance to patient functionality, while an ACR 70 response that would enable patients to work and look after their family is reached in only 20–25%.

Furthermore, there is an interaction between the two CTCF sites flanking the region encompassing both the LCR and the gene cluster, albeit one of modest significance.

The Leu7Pro polymorphism correlated inversely with the presence of CAD and the occurrence of myocardial infarction in our cohorts, although these associations were of modest significance.

19.1%; P < 0.050; adjusted OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.99–2.16), with modest significance, and with a significance in the 26–28w GA subgroup.

The presence of elevated SBP at the time of hospital discharge after a stroke is a strong predictor of early recurrence.[ 39 ] Uncontrolled DM has also been shown to be significantly associated with stroke recurrence in WASID study.[ 34 ] Although the presence of hyperlipidemia reached modest significance for recurrence in our study, its control was not significantly associated with a reduction of recurrence.

Fourth, the associations with gene expression involve healthy participants and have relatively modest significance levels.

The first of these came from a small cohort of children, where slight differences in DNA methylation patterns within the protocadherin (PCDH) gene clusters reported with a rather modest significance threshold [ 35 ].

However, CD2 co-stimulation could increase CD16-triggered responses also in the NKG2C − CD57 + subset (both FcεRγ + and FcεRγ neg ) although a modest significance was reached only in NKG2C − CD57 + FcεRγ pos cells (Figure 6 C), although CD2 expression levels were lower than those found in NKG2C + NK cells (Figure 4 ; Figure S4B in Supplementary Material).

It has been shown that malaria pigment in the placenta is associated with the maturation of cord blood myeloid and plasmocytoid DCs (innate immune cells triggered by TLR7/8 agonists [ 11 , 30 ]), which may explain why cytokine responses to TLR7/8 stimulation were significantly enhanced in past PM (as well as in chronic PM, although with modest significance possibly due to the smaller sample size) compared to the other PME categories.

It is good to see that BID was associated with at least modest significance in heart tissue in CARDIOGRAM.

In contrast, the association of the rs73366469 polymorphism with systemic lupus erythematosus in European Americans has been confirmed at only a modest significance level, and this association was not found in African Americans (Zhao et al., 2017).

This is rather conservative since it is possible that evidence with modest significance from weakly correlated tissues can lead to very significant combined association when their effects get aggregated.

Discussion The results demonstrated that multidimensional attitudes toward ambiguity had a modest significance in affecting subclinical depression and anxiety in non-clinical individuals.

Overall, the unadjusted data supports (albeit with modest significance at most time points) the main conclusion that humoral immunity to tested blood-stage antigens is hampered or delayed by RTS,S vaccination, and this reduction in immunity is extended for years after vaccination.

Second, due to the lack of earlier studies in this setting, the design of our study, and limited sample size, the conclusions drawn are limited to associations with modest significance.

For each SNP, checking the expected and observed genotypic/allelic frequencies in single groups of affected cases and healthy controls, a modest significance in deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium is highlighted, regarding the group of positive controls for genotypes containing allele C of the polymorphism rs10859871 (VEZT) (HWE p -value = 0.0435.) This violation of the proportions of the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium could constitute a bias selection ( Table 4 ).

Comparing total activities across all domains of GPAQ with accelerometer-moderate activity ( R = 0.40) and with accelerometer vigorous values ( R = 0.24), modest significance was found.

Significant inverse association was observed between total plasma carotenoid concentrations and oxidative stress measured by urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) while only modest significance was shown for 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α).

The authors suggested that e-cigarettes have modest significance to smoking cessation in smokers with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and concluded that their preliminary findings should be investigated in larger samples.

Receiving desensitization therapy was not associated with the risk of death in the univariable model but it was associated with the risk of modest significance when the other variables were adjusted for.

Representative maps of the pathways that showed modest significance and were included in Table 1 and Supplementary Table S11 , available at Carcinogenesis Online, such as ‘E-cadherin signaling and its regulation in gastric cancer (FDR = 0.004 and P < 0.001 for Cluster B1)’ and ‘Development_Regulation of EMT (FDR = 0.002 and P < 0.001 for Cluster B1)’, are illustrated schematically in Figure 4 using MetaCore software.

Many other known phenotypic associations are supported by the data at more-modest significance thresholds (Supplementary Table 13 ).

Conclusion The GRS based on 10 SNPs was associated with pediatric-onset T2D in Mexicans and improved its prediction with modest significance.