Enhancing tofacitinib's therapeutic efficacy in murine arthritis with a synbiotic formulation comprising <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> DSM 32963 and an Omega-3 fatty acid lysine salt.

3 mg/kg tofacitinib and the synbiotic alone demonstrated a clear trend toward reduction, whereas no effect was observed for n3-PUFA ( Figure 1B ).

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Additionally, there was a marked trend towards lower levels of the key inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the ldTofa+Syn group.

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Exploratory analysis of the BMD of the calcaneus, the most affected bone in this model, revealed a small trend to preserve BMD for the treatment with 6 mg/kg tofacitinib and ldTofa+Syn ( Supplementary Figure S1C ).

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The treatment with n3-PUFA seemed to have no effect on the number of PMN in the joints, whereas 6 mg/kg tofacitinib and ldTofa+Syn demonstrated a strong trend to diminished PMN infiltration.

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Treatment with 6 mg/kg tofacitinib led to a small but significant decrease and low-dose tofacitinib treatment showed a trend in that direction.

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