Notably, responses to Question 3, which assessed processed food intake frequency, revealed a highly significant difference between the breast cancer and reproductive system cancer groups (χ 2 = 38.30, p < 0.0001), indicating a marked disparity in reported behaviors between these two populations.
The comparison between reproductive system cancer and breast cancer groups also approached significance ( p = 0.0884), suggesting a possible trend toward higher BPA exposure in the reproductive cancer group.
Although the prevalence appeared higher among patients with breast cancer, this difference did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.0413, 95% CI: 0.3110–3.4871, p = 0.1313).
Nevertheless, our results showed a trend toward lower levels of BPA in serum harvested from breast cancer patients compared to patients with reproductive system cancer.
In addition to these significant findings, several other items (e.g., Questions 6 and 16) demonstrated p -values approaching significance, suggesting further possible behavioral trends warranting further study.
Poland is among the countries whose population faces a high risk of breast cancer, with an increasing trend over time having also being reported [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].
The comparison between reproductive system cancer and breast cancer groups also approached significance ( p = 0.0884), suggesting a possible trend toward higher BPA exposure in the reproductive cancer group.