Investigation of gene-diet interactions in the incretin system and risk of type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct study.

For GIPR rs10423928, we observed a marginally non-significant interaction with olive oil ( p = 0.050) (Table 2 ).

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After exclusion of TCF7L2 rs7903146 from the risk score the interaction effect remained significant, indicating that the effect was not only driven by the TCF7L2 SNP that showed a trend for interaction with coffee in the single SNP analysis.

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For GIPR rs10423928, we observed a marginally non-significant interaction with olive oil ( p = 0.050) (Table 2 ). We identified a nominally significant interaction between a TCF7L2 variant and coffee consumption (rs12255372: p Interaction = 0.048, Table 2 ).

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We also observed some effect modification in the association between cereal fibre and type 2 diabetes by TCF7L2 variants, but the interaction terms did not reach statistical significance.

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We have to acknowledge, however, that overall no association between cereal fibre and risk for type 2 diabetes was detected in the EPIC-InterAct study, while such an association was observed in many other prospective cohort studies resulting in a clearly significant protective effect in a meta-analysis [ 28 ].

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