near-significantp = 0.057
Although a Drink × Time interaction was near-significant [ F (1,11.79) = 4.45, p = 0.057], no further significant or trending post-hoc results were observed (Online Resource 1).
Although a Drink × Time interaction was near-significant [ F (1,11.79) = 4.45, p = 0.057], no further significant or trending post-hoc results were observed (Online Resource 1).
Mood Positive (PA) and Negative (NA) Affect Regardless of Drink, PA was lower at 4 weeks ( M = 48.06, SE 1.94) compared to 2 weeks ( M = 51.04, SE 1.94), an effect that narrowly missed achieving significance [ F (1,15) = 4.27, p = 0.057].
4 a, analysis revealed no significant changes in excretion of polyphenols over the 4 weeks for either WBB [ F (2,7.57) = 3.11, p = 0.10 or placebo F (2,7.23) = 1.64, p = 0.26], although there is a notable trend for an increase in polyphenol excretion following WBB treatment and a decrease in polyphenol excretion for those consuming the placebo treatment (Fig. 4 b).
Increased excretion of total polyphenols was observed for WBB participants over the course of the intervention, but this did not reach statistical significance, whilst placebo participants showed a non-significant decline.
Some metabolites showed a trend for an increase in the WBB group; higher concentrations of dihydro caffeic acid 3- O -sulfate were observed at 4 weeks compared to participants in the placebo group.