Excerpts

Among different education levels, the association remained statistically significant or borderline significant in the primary education and illiterate groups, while becoming less consistent in higher-educated strata (e.g., college and above).

Subgroup analyses revealed that the fourth quartile showed a trend toward higher fall risk across all subgroups, especially among individuals aged ≥ 60 years and males.

The average number of sex workers provided services annually by the first batch of 7 programmes started in early 1999 plateaued after the fourth fiscal year to 3500, whereas the 8 second-batch programmes started in late 2000 reached an average of 2000 sex workers in 2004–2005 with an increasing trend up to this fourth fiscal year.

However, there was an increasing trend in the coordination coefficient in each round of inquiry, and the significance test result was P < 0.001, indicating that the opinions of the experts tended to converge.

Furthermore, we also observed an increasing trend towards a higher prevalence of p16-positive cases among females, consistent with previous findings from studies conducted in the United States and Italy [ 21 , 28 ].

The incidence of the DKD-T1DM population showed an increasing trend, while the incidence of the DKD-T2DM population was relatively stable (Fig. 8 CD).

Although the differences were not all significant, HRQoL between grades showed a trend of sophomores being higher scores than freshmen and seniors.

Even though it is small, the group of men aged 20 to 59 may constitute a priority for targeted combination prevention interventions, as they are likely to be significant drivers of the epidemic.

A marginally significant moderation effect also suggested that anxious attachment orientation may influence this relationship.

Difference of mean self-efficacy score was highly significant in intervention compared to control.

As shown in Table 5 , the time × group interaction was highly significant, indicating that girls in the dance intervention increased their daily step counts to a significantly greater extent than the control group.

Aging population In a study using South Korean health insurance data between 2002 and 2018, Kim reported an annual increase in hospitalizations due to IHD despite a decreasing trend in the age-standardized hospitalization rate.

We observed that in the follow-up survey conducted in 2023-24, the proportion of individuals with hypertension seeking care at various government healthcare facilities revealed an increasing trend from baseline to follow-up: 1% versus 3% for HWCs, 11% versus 20% for Primary Health Centres or Community Health Centres, and 8% versus 9% for District/Taluk Hospitals or Government Medical Colleges.

Furthermore, our analysis revealed that the cancer incidence rate among the elderly population across the 21 regions generally exhibited an increasing trend as the SDI increased, whereas the mortality rate demonstrated an S-shaped pattern characterized by an initial decline, followed by an increase, and subsequently another decline as the SDI increased.

North America exhibited high incidence rate in 2021, with an increasing trend in the United States and a decreasing trend in Canada and Greenland.

By 2023, this figure had risen to 17%, indicating a positive trend toward greater gender inclusion at the highest levels of diplomatic leadership.

Questions remain about whether this benefit could also be observed in Hong Kong, where adult smoking prevalence was among the lowest globally (9.9% in 2023), yet secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home remains disproportionally high among adolescents at 29.8% [ 32 ] and has shown an increasing trend in recent years [ 33 ].

In China, the prevalence of childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in 2005 was estimated to be 3.3%, 9.8% and 5.5%, respectively, and there is an increasing trend onwards [ 5 , 6 ].

Hometown demonstrated marginal significance.

Although our findings may not represent the entire Korean population, they still suggest an increasing trend in the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in South Korea.

Since the study examines the total number of euthanasia cases over time – a count variable that has shown an increasing trend – we apply a Poisson model, which is specifically designed for non-negative integer outcomes and accounts for the mean-variance relationship inherent in such data [ 25 ], as done previously on suicide count data [ 26 , 27 ].

The data indicates a clear trend where survival rates decrease with age, highlighting the vulnerability of older patients to TB-related complications.

Notably, WW showed a trend toward superior risk reduction for neurological diseases compared to RA.

While a nominally significant age-by-PrEP interaction was detected, bootstrap validation indicated limited robustness, and no overall association was found between PrEP exposure and pregnancy risk.

A clear trend is observed across the quartiles for several variables.