Excerpts

Also, we regarded p < 0.05 as nominally significant.

In addition, there were differences based on the type of animal production, with hog production having a positive association using WGS but not 16S, and dairy cattle production having a positive association using 16S but not WGS (although there was a positive trend).

The relative abundance of Bacteroidota also showed a decreasing trend in the jejunum, ileum, and cecum, which is consistent with the qPCR data ( Figures 2 , 5 ).

However, and despite highly significant LRT values, none of these putative positively selected sites could be identified under the branch-site model.

The latter model also detected a strong evidence of positive selection in the gene categories “virulence, detoxification, adaptation” and “lipid metabolism ( p = 0.00027 and 0.000, respectively), while values close to significance resulted from the site model for the gene categories “conserved hypothetical proteins” and “virulence, detoxification, adaptation.” Consistent with LRT results, BEB analysis under the site model further identified nine putative positively selected sites, seven of which map to the gene category “cell wall and cell processes” with a posterior probability >95% ( Table 1 ).

Moreover, this increase was quite significant in dry lands.

Compared with the Con group, the Shannon and Simpson indices of the Rha, Lac, and mix groups showed an increasing trend in the jejunum but were insignificant.

Distribution of other major bacterial/archaeal phyla responded to depth across all the sites ( Figure 2 ) and most of them showed a clear trend of increasing or decreasing.

Conclusion In conclusion, the bibliometric analyses of more than 1,100 publications on metaproteomics from the Scopus database indicated an increasing trend of publications with a high percentage of open-access research articles.

This hypothesis of slow fermentation is supported by one in vitro study that showed a trend from rise to decline of relative abundances of F. prausnitzii during fermentation with methylated pectin oligosaccharides ( Onumpai et al., 2011 ).

An increasing trend in enzyme activity per ml of bioreactor sample was seen as a function of time during the first few hours of reactor operation, due to the recirculation of the filtrate into the reactor.

The PAL enzyme did not follow a definite trend over time; however, an increase in the activity at 72 h and an abrupt decrease thereafter was observed ( Figure 8B ; Supplementary Table 8 ).

The POX enzyme activity was seen increasing up to 48 h and then followed a decreasing trend ( Figure 8C ; Supplementary Table 9 ).

Partitioning of bacterial communities is an apparent trend in scarabs, with each general region of the gut harboring its own distinctive community ( Egert et al., 2003 ; Andert et al., 2010 ) including even host-species-unique members ( Cazemier et al., 1999 , 2003 ).

Futhermore, the diversity indices of the phyllosphere bacterial communities showed a decreasing trend in the MixOS treatment.

notoginseng continuous cropping soil showed an increasing trend in contrast to previous records ( Zhang Y. et al., 2019 ).

HPV cases in China In the past decade, HPV-related cases have shown an increasing trend in China.

sinensis showed an increasing trend.

A decreasing trend of body weight was observed after Spn infection, and the trend was relieved after the intake of GB24 T ( Figure 1F ).

With the increasing generations, the expression of gr and cat first increased and then decreased ( Figures 6B , D ), meanwhile, the expression sod and gpx showed a decreasing trend ( Figures 6A , C ).

However, if treating ammonium in the CK incubations as indigenous background and deducting it from corresponding NF incubations, the remaining ammonium (net NH 4 + ) in NF incubations showed a decreasing trend along increasing WFPS levels, suggesting a possible active net ammonium consumption under higher moisture conditions ( Table 1 ).

At the same time, this method may be significant for stable gene expression of other viral vectors.

The variations in EPS concentrations of the biofilm formed by multi-stain showed a trend similar to that of PAO1.

Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were observed to decrease during decomposition, while Proteobacteria presented an increasing trend.

pelagica CDK2 grew in the HKS broth over a wider range of ECs (7.13 to 30.84 dSm −1 ), and its growth (protein μg ml −1 ) showed an increasing trend as the EC of the HKS broth increased ( Table 2 ).