Excerpts

Time series of both indicator organisms followed a clear trend, with rapid increases and slightly slower decreases after peaking (Figure 1B ).

The possible ability of Type I CRISPR-Cas to effect DNA repair would be highly significant for B. fragilis , which is very susceptible to the DNA-damaging properties of oxygen exposure.

Expression of pilS and traL was not significantly up-regulated at this time point, but an increasing trend was seen. traI did not show up-regulation at this time point.

By contrast, a decreasing trend in pH was observed as vegetation restoration progressed, in accordance with previous studies ( Robertson and Vitousek, 1981 ; Schipper et al., 2001 ; Dmowska and Ilieva-Makulec, 2006 ; Holtkamp et al., 2008 ; Zhao et al., 2014 ).

(2013) showed fairly significant levels of contamination of broilers with S .

The Δ phoU1ΔphoU2 pstS(Fs) mutant also showed a trend toward decreased tolerance to EMB, though it was not statistically significant ( Figure 7C ).

In general, most parameters showed an increasing trend toward the north with highest concentrations in the Pacific subarctic region and the Bering Sea.

Furthermore, the chi-square score was equal to 265.42 (degrees of freedom = 20), which was highly significant (well below alpha 0.01), suggesting geographic location might be a factor in phylogroup distribution.

In particular, exposure to meropenem or levofloxacin resulted in a highly significant reduction in biofilm vitality, with a concentration-independent effect.

In darkness env1 transcript levels show a negative trend in QM6a compared to QM9414.

As mentioned before, TrL show a positive trend with the height of the phytoplankton absorption peak at 360 nm.

CSP tended to be enriched in the SML in the open and coastal stations, while it showed a decreasing trend in the SML of the upwelling stations (data not shown).

CB-75 on banana chlorophyll content As shown in Figure 6 , with increasing transplanting period, the chlorophyll content of CK1 continued to rise, the chlorophyll content of CK2 showed a decreasing trend, but the chlorophyll content of the plants in the CK3, A, and AB treatment groups first decreased and then increased.

The chlorophyll content of CK3 and A showed an increasing trend, 0.81 mg/g and 0.68 mg/g, respectively, but the final value was always lower than that of CK1 treatment.

Interestingly, these findings demonstrate an observed trend between the correlation detection technique and in vitro multispecies biofilm assessments, where coexistence of bacterial members within these ecological systems could contribute to multispecies biofilm formation.

An increasing trend was observed for Cu quotas in treatments with higher Fe availability, albeit changes were not significant for most.

The alignment of introns Cne.mL2439/Cga.mL2439 and Cne.mL2584/Cga.mL2584 to the RF00028 group I intron RFAM model was highly significant for both introns (Supporting Information, Table S2 ).

A heat map using TMM-normalized TPM values showed a trend in the expression profiles of enzymes from the consortium along the incubation time ( Figure 2 and Supplementary Table S1 ).

The glycerophospholipids revealed a negative trend, while the fatty acyls showed a mixed response with a tendency to decrease.

A clear trend of the use of cofactors in relation to the presence of ethanol in the culture medium could not be found ( Figure 6B ).

Interestingly, the comparison among the taxa belonging to the most representative Phyla of the samples by NMDS showed a strong trend to group by Lake (Figure 5A ) due to a clearly higher abundance of phototrophic microorganisms in LN (Figure 5B ) than in LE.

These values show evidence of the influence of climatic changes on the hydrological characteristics of the study area, and indicate a decreasing trend in the streamflow of the Maipo River during the last 20 years.

(such as candidemia and candidiasis) have become one of the most frequent healthcare associated infections showing an increasing trend (Lockhart, 2014 ).

There were no significant differences in growth rate associated with habitat of origin (Origin effect, Table 2B ), and although there was a marginally significant Origin ∗ Media effect ( Table 2B ), contrasts within this effect detected no habitat of origin-specific differences in responses to the same media.

This absence of mean differences and differences in variability among habitats of origin does not reflect low overall variation in growth rate; in fact, there were highly significant differences among isolates within habitats of origin in their overall and media-specific growth (Isolate(Origin) [mean] and Isolate ∗ Media(Origin) [mean] effects, Table 2A ).