Excerpts

The SNW, NT, NW, and NH showed highly significant correlations with each other ( Table 4 ).

Leaf N and P had no or weakly significant relationships with latitude, but significantly increased with increasing altitude.

The mean air temperatures for the year, January, and July are -5 to 11 ° C, -18 to -6 ° C and 5 to 20 ° C, respectively, which also show a decreasing trend from the southeast to the northwest.

Concerning the 15 N isotope composition, as observed by other authors ( Kolb and Evans, 2003 ) a decreasing trend of δ 15 N values within the different plant organs was observed as lifecycle draws on, decreasing in the non-fertilized plant organs from a mean 6‰ at GS36 and GS60 to 3.5‰ at GS90 and from a mean 4‰ to 2‰ in the fertilized plants ( Figure 2 ).

The N concentration of vegetative organs (fourth and flag leaves) showed a trend to diminish along the wheat crop lifecycle ( Figure 2 ).

The quantile diagnostic plots showed a trend toward normal distribution for the population means of TS, Height, SPGR, and Shape, while bimodal normal distributions were observed for the means of TTY, ATW, Vigor and Infl/plant (Supplementary Figure 1 ).

Leachate Measurement of nitrate leaching showed a clear trend of increased leaching when faba bean was grown as a precrop compared to barley ( Figures 4 , 5 ).

Wheat straw application resulted in a positive trend of winter barley yield under higher N conditions ( Figure 3A ), which could be either caused by remineralization of immobilized N during the growing season, but also due to decomposition and subsequent N release contained in the wheat straw itself ( Di and Cameron, 2002 ).

Furthermore, an interesting trend was observed in that increasing concentrations of Ni and Cu resulted in a gradual drop in profilin content.

This QTL became highly significant at around 136 DAS and reached its maximum statistical significance at 166DAS (Figure 4 ).

Analysis by t -tests identified a set of bins with highly significant associations to genetic map regions, based on probability ( p ) values that were appreciably lower than those determined for randomized data.

A highly significant correlation ( r 2 = 0.996) was found between the optimum temperature for PG and the mean number of degree-days from the start of the experiments to anther dehiscence experienced by the pollen during maturation.

thaliana , and species-specific differences in the response of photosynthesis genes may be significant, even between grass species ( Kümpers et al., 2017 ).

The combined effect of all variables (omnibus effect) for all species groups studied was highly significant (Table 4 ).

Based on the first system, the number of PG family members shows an increasing trend from non-vascular plants to monocots to eudicots.

RNAprof results were parsed to retain only highly significant differential RNA processing events (p.adj < 10e-4) and further crossed with gene annotation in order to classify them according to their gene features.

The average root diameter was highest during the first measurement campaign in July across all treatments (0.67 ± 0.02 mm) and followed by a decreasing trend until the last campaign in September ( Figure 4D ).

The former occurred when a marker was highly significant in a particular environment but not significant in the others while the latter occured when a marker was nearly significant in most single environments.

N contribution to grain filling: total organic matter and rubisco A decreasing trend in N concentration in most plant parts is the natural process during grain filling in wheat, and in many cases it varies greatly with environmental factors and can also be affected by genotype (Le Gouis et al., 2000 ; Pang et al., 2014 ).

Surprisingly, during the light period the pentose phosphates showed a trend of an increase also in tpt-2 , but not, as might be expected, in xpt-1 .

Additionally, a highly significant SNP found on chromosome 12 (LOC_Os12g22020, intronic splice variant) being associated with COH (LOD score of 6.35 with r 2 value of 12.05) and SPR (LOD score of 4.96 with r 2 value of 2.89).

aphid arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis phosphate transporter plant tolerance Solanum lycopersicum volatile organic compound water deficit Considering A N rates, a decreasing trend was observed from NS to MS and SS conditions.

mosseae , in agreement with statistical analysis that showed a highly significant influence of both S and M variables for all the considered VOCs ( Table 1 ).

A highly significant correlation ( R 2 = 0.84) was observed between the RNA-seq and RT-qPCR data sets.

Indeed, green cover was still significantly reduced 1 and 2 years after drought, and this effect was especially pronounced in monoliths of high-VPD sites, as demonstrated by the marginally significant (2014) and significant (2015) interaction with VPD (Table 2 , Figure 2 ).