Excerpts

An increasing trend in EFC was observed with higher BAP concentrations, although greater variability in the data was also noted.

The difference in canopy temperature between plants under T 1/2 and T 1 was frequently much larger, and more likely to be significant, in 5 L pots than 20 L pots, regardless of cultivars.

Interestingly, marker–trait association revealed that AC-2729 carries the favorable marker allele for grain yield, RM224-152bp, on chromosome 11 with a highly significant phenotypic effect (33%), while AC-2286 has more resistance ability to blast disease owing to its genetic background that carries several favorable blast-resistant alleles RM6887-152bp, RM224-165bp, RM13-151bp, and RM1370-165bp with high significant phenotypic effect (62%, 47%, 47%, and 31%, respectively).

Furthermore, in accordance with other studies, environmental stress did not modify the allometric distribution of biomass among organs, yet the allometric indices and constants exhibited a significant trend with soil salinity ( Eziz et al., 2017 ; Peng et al., 2022 ).

The regression model is highly significant, the lack of fit term is not significant, and the high R2 value indicates that the regression equation for the three-point bending force model fits well.

The leaf, litter, and soil N:P ratios were 35.76-47.39, 34.73-51.29 and 4.01-8.00, respectively, at different restoration years, with an overall trend of litter > leaf > soil ( Figure 5 ).

In this study, the dynamic change in GMP content showed a trend of “high–low–high” from 7 DAA to the mature stage.

Similarly, the increase in stem length and leaf length were in an increasing trend in Experiment 2 ( Figures 4B , 5B ) where light intensities decreased over time.

However, T had a highly significant negative regulatory effect on regenerative power, while H had a highly significant positive regulatory effect ( Figure 8 ).

From a temporal and spatial perspective, the classification results showed a clear trend in the occurrence and development of juglans leaf necrosis (JLN) in the experimental orchard, on which more detailed studies can be conducted to better understand the dynamics of the disease.

A two-way ANOVA results for root/shoot ratios in barley showed a highly significant difference between treatments and days, along with their interactions ( Table 1 ).

A decreasing trend in the L * value was observed in the storage experiment.

Runoff rate In the current study, the runoff rate generally showed an increasing trend firstly and then fluctuated stably with rainfall duration extension.

Trends of NSC content under different nitrogen enrichment durations Nitrogen enrichment in woody plants generally showed a trend of initial promotion followed by suppression for NSC, soluble sugars, and starch contents in leaves, branches, and stems.

The subsequent ANOVA analysis revealed that the performance differences among the models were statistically highly significant (with p-values far below 0.05) across all five core evaluation metrics: Accuracy, F1-score, Recall, Precision, and Specificity.

Changes of the flavonoid and anthocyanin content As shown in Figure 4A , the flavonoid content showed a decreasing trend till day 24 compared with initial samples in both groups.

The water use efficiency of potato showed an increasing trend with decreasing irrigation frequency for 90, 120, 150 and 210 mm of irrigation, and a decreasing trend with decreasing irrigation frequency for 180 mm of irrigation, with a maximum water use efficiency being 12.97 kg m -3 under the A10 scheme.

TA values displayed a decreasing trend as on-the-tree ripening progressed from 1WBCH to CH + 1W for each treatment in 2023 and 2024 ( Figures 1I, J ).

Meanwhile, in each evaluation cycle, the counting error on the validation set generally showed a decreasing trend, while the F1 score showed an increasing trend.

In this study, the light saturation point exerted a highly significant positive effect on P n ( Figure 5 ), indicating that higher saturation points allow plants to better exploit high light intensities and sustain greater photosynthetic rates.

Tuber yield exhibited highly significant positive correlations with plant height, aboveground dry weight, SPAD, net photosynthetic rate, WUE, and PFP.

Higher vapor pressure during the 12 hours prior to nectar extraction was found to be strongly inversely correlated with nectar concentration in red clover, accompanied by a highly significant, though weaker, direct correlation with nectar volume ( Shuel, 1952 ).

The results were expressed as means ± standard error (SE), and differences among samples at p < 0.01 were regarded as extremely significant.

In the case of the AUX signal pathway, SgGH3.6 (TRINITY_DN79737_c0_g2) exhibited an increasing trend in expression levels, while 5 SgSAURs (TRINITY_DN10865_c0_g1, TRINITY_DN6235_c0_g2, TRINITY_DN6235_c0_g3, TRINITY_DN27254_c0_g1, and TRINITY_DN1112_c0_g1) presented different expression profiles ( Figure 4A ).

Regardless of whether straw was returned, all fractions exhibited a decreasing trend with the reduction in nitrogen application rates.