Excerpts

For mollusks, the δ 13 C and δ 15 N values displayed a decreasing trend from SG to NRFA or TGRA, but for macrocrustaceans, the δ 13 C values showed an increasing (from SG to NRFA) and decreasing (from NRFA to TGRA) trend, while the δ 15 N values displayed a decreasing gradient from SG to TGRA ( Table 3 ).

There is, for example, an increasing trend towards issues being reported in parks, gardens and urban greenspace.

The main results were as follows: (1) The Overall Pattern Optimization Compared with the situation of the land use pattern in 2005, overall, cropland, grassland, built-up land, waterbodies and unused land showed a decreasing trend, reducing by 1.78%, 1.8%, 0.01%, 0.38% and 0.03%, respectively, with the recommended plan.

However, the concentrations of the two pollutants showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing because of the comprehensive remediation of environmental pollution in the basin.

Comparing Data Sources Using Regression Analysis Our regression results for price per cigarette demonstrate that in relation to Nielsen data, Kantar (retail and online) and Nottingham OPD prices showed modest, though in several cases highly significant, differences in price per cigarette or gram of hand-rolling tobacco, with Kantar data tending to be lower and Nottingham OPD data higher than Nielsen figures ( Table 2 ).

Results The total number of URB trainees in our programs as well as their percentage of the total trainee cohort indicate an encouraging trend toward better recruitment and retention of URB scientists.

Additionally, soil total nitrogen was highly significantly and positively correlated to catalase and urease, but highly significant negatively correlated to sucrase ( Table 3 ).

NH 4 + -N showed a decreasing trend with an increase in recovery time and its content was the highest in the S529 sub-dam.

Our study also indicated that there was a decreasing trend of spermatogenesis ability, and an increasing rate of sperm malformation and pathological damage, in testicular tissue in male offspring exposed to 0.2 μg/mL BPA, although this was not statistically different when compared with controls.

Cereal production has generally followed the trend in rainfall variability, but with an increasing trend.

More importantly, there is an important trend that the increasing population is focused on pollution issues.

globosa, and with the aging of the leaves, the inhibitory effects showed an increasing trend.

Introduction In recent decades, diabetes has become a major health issue with an increasing trend worldwide [ 1 ].

The above analysis indicates that from the upper reaches to the lower reaches of the Mun River Basin, the pollution index of water quality exhibits an increasing trend, which is consistent with the gradient of EC in the basin.

The distribution of EC throughout the study area showed a trend of high in the west and low in the east, which was closely related to land use/planting patterns, geographical factors, and climatic factors.

The value of out-of-pocket expense can indicate patients’ economic burden of disease and shows an increasing trend with the rapid growth of health expenditures.

Trends in rainy season precipitation (December—January—February) also suggest a decreasing trend for Antsiranana, Farafangana and Vohipeno.

Differences between Sweden and Italy are quite significant and rooted in diverse explanations.

The MORs showed a decreasing trend in TB deaths as a percentage of all deaths from 2011 to 2015, while age groups 30–44 were at most risk of a TB death.

Class 2 (50.0%) contained decedents with a moderate cost of hospitalization that showed a decreasing trend in cost.

After that, the PM 2.5 concentration had a decreasing trend in the third phase since 2014 due to the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP) implemented by the Chinese government.

All these regression coefficients showed a slightly increasing trend (from low to high quantiles of LE distribution), while the positive association between LE and GDP per capita was stronger in higher quantiles of LE distribution (e.g., 10th percentile estimate of women = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.13–0.33, 90th percentile estimate of women = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.19–0.45) ( Figure 1 a).

Unemployment rate was positively associated with men’s and women’s LE for part of the quantiles (e.g., quantile ≥ 40th), with an increasing trend ( Figure 1 b).

There was a positive trend in odds of sarcoidosis with years in a residence where farm milk was used during first five years of life relative to asthma referents, with a weaker but consistent trend with all referents.

When stratified by sex, the covariate-adjusted association between BLL, hyperactivity, poorer inhitibion, emotional control, and behavioral regulation was marginally significant for girls but not boys.