Barely Significant

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The incidence of hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI) ranges between 5 and 15% or 30–45 cases/1000 hospital admissions/year but shows an increasing trend as hospitalized patients are older and subjected to more interventional diagnostic and treatment techniques, and exposed to the effects of nephrotoxic drugs [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].
Additionally, a recently published analysis of this study group stratified by the modified version of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (mCCI) shows a similar trend towards a worse outcome of patients with high mCCI under medical rhythm control, which just failed to reach statistical significance due to being underpowered [ 24 ].
In Table 2 , we reported the results of cardiac and inflammatory markers in the four groups: we did not find any significant differences (including in routine blood biochemistry, data not shown) except for IL-6, which shows a significant trend for increasing levels from group A to D ( p for trend <0.05, by Jonckheere–Terpstra test, Table 2 ).