Excerpts

The experimental results show that with the increase of grid density, each algorithm shows a significant trend of error reduction.

Earlier microsatellite surveys also detected low levels of introgression on São Miguel, with a decreasing trend observed between 2001 and 2010 36 , 37 .

In MIBC, both DFS and OS showed a trend toward improvement (Fig. 5 A and B).

With the development of time, both groups showed a trend of increasing myopia after surgery.

The incidence of breast cancer showed an increasing trend in Iran according to national cancer registry reports between 2003 and 2017 in both women and men.

Further weakly significant associations with digital gait included the slope of the UPDRS I (Tray, TUG tests) and the slope of the UPDRS II (TUG test).

The weight gain of mothers during the study period before the intervention in the fourth month to the end of the eighth month of pregnancy showed an increasing trend in the average weight gain of women in the food basket, cash transfer and eligible non-supported groups.

One limitation of this study is the exclusion of induced polarization (IP) effects in the TEM data, which may be significant in waste-rich, conductive environments.

For composite brain SUVR, higher BMI was significantly associated with lower SUVR B ( p = 0.0046), while SUVR SG showed a trend toward reduced SUVR B , though it did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.0701).

In contrast to the liquid limit, the plastic limit shows an increasing trend.

It can be seen that COD O−O , COR O−p COS O−p , COR O−p COD O−O , COS O−O COD O−O , COS O−p COD O−O and COS O−O 2 had extremely significant effects on the relative error of the repose angle.

Furthermore, the cumulative ER of PTB incidence showed an increasing trend, ranging from 13.1% (95% CI 1.0%, 25.2%; lag 0–24) to 16.9% (95% CI 3.3%, 30.5%; lag 0–26).

Furthermore, among women above the age of 35, there is a decreasing trend in HPV awareness with increasing age (Supplementary Table S1 ).

An increasing trend was defined as positive values for both EAPC and 95% CI, while a decreasing trend was defined as negative values for both.

The age-standardized DALY rate (EAPC = -1.30) and ASDR (EAPC = -1.41) for CVD attributable to LPA showed a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2021.

HR showed a gradual increase in D-value in the shallow soil layer (0–40 cm); CF showed a gradual increase in the middle soil layer (40–140 cm); CF showed a slight decrease in the deeper soil layer (140–200 cm), while the other three vegetation showed an increasing trend in deeper soil layer.

It can also be seen that the four vegetation types consistently showed a trend of increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing with the increase of soil layers, and the HR peaked at 0–60 cm and 120–200 cm, CK at 60–80 cm, and 100–120 cm, and SC at 80–100 cm layers.

A positive trend was observed, with higher RFM values correlating with increased CKD risk.

Fertilizer treatment had a highly significant effect on grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight, with reduced fertilizer application decreasing grain number per panicle and increasing 1000-grain weight.

The absence of a decreasing trend in the concentrations of excess 210 Pb with sediment depth combined with the extremely low concentrations suggest that the net sedimentation at all sites were likely negligible and indicate intense mixing of, at least, the upper 25 cm of the sediments in all habitats.

An interesting trend in contemporary optimization research involves enhancing the performance of existing metaheuristics.

At M4, osteopenia has an OR of 0.24 (95% CI [0.05–0.96], P = 0.0566), indicating a marginally non-significant association.

In terms of SDI regions, there was a declining trend in DALYs for countries and regions with high, high-middle and middle SDI (EAPC and its 95%CI were all less than 0), while an increasing trend was observed in DALYs for countries and regions with low and low-middle SDI (EAPC and its 95%CI were all greater than 0).

There was a decreasing trend observed for global prevalence due to AA with an estimated annual percentage change of − 0.13 (− 0.13 to − 0.12).

The dynamic elastic modulus shows a decreasing trend, with a maximum reduction of up to 14.8%.