“a decreasing trend”

Although a decreasing trend has been observed globally, its prevalence remains high in several parts of the world such as Asia, Eastern Europe, and South America [ 1 ].

As a large amount of cropland and forest land were occupied by the built-up land expansion, the ecosystem services value of cropland and forest land showed a decreasing trend during the study period, in which the loss of forest land was the largest (USD 1.00 billion), and the loss of cropland was the largest (2.96%).

It is worth noting that the changes in incidence rates depend on the nature of the lesion, with an increasing trend for benign salivary gland tumors (from 5.4 to 8.2), and a decreasing trend for malignant tumors (from 2.2 to 1.4) between 2010 and 2019.

Its test statistic Z is: (3) Z c = S − 1 var ( S ) , S > 0 0 , S = 0 S + 1 var ( S ) , S < 0 (4) var ( S ) = [ n ( n − 1 ) ( 2 n + 5 ) − ∑ t t ( t − 1 ) ( 2 t + 5 ) ] / 18 In this trend test, Z > 0 represents an increasing trend, whereas Z < 0 represents a decreasing trend.

Similarly, for the Gc2 source, the total amount disposed of by BF generally showed a decreasing trend of 0.28, 0.28, 0, and 0 t/d, respectively; as opposed to the figures for WS, which showed an increasing trend of 0, 0, 0.28, and 0.28 t/d, respectively.

Spatiotemporal Distribution of the Cultivated Land Fragmentation Index According to the measurement results of the CLF index in the Huaihe River Basin from 2000 to 2018 ( Table 4 ), four negative indicators that characterize the CLF, namely PLAND, AREA_AM, COHESION, and AI, all show a decreasing trend year by year, which to some extent reflect that CLF increased in the Huaihe River Basin during the study period.

Moreover, the distribution of the spatial agglomeration points of the coupling coordination degree between RU and the RT is similar, showing a decreasing trend from the central urban area to the surrounding urban area.

According to the A23 peak area (Table 1 ), the peak areas of the back, abdomen, and tail samples displayed a decreasing trend when the magnetic field was gradually increased.

The conservative approach, which included noninvasive treatment options without a diagnostic coronary angiogram, was received by 183 (54%) out of 341 patients (total patients with PAMI), with a decreasing trend.

To sum up, these results show the existence of a decreasing trend for cells spatially modulated during both fixation and arm holding going from V6A to PEc and then to PE.

In all soil samples, a decreasing trend in the soil micronutrients was observed with an increase in the biochar amounts.

The associated per-patient cost by disease stage post‐SVR was adapted to a decreasing trend in time based on real-life data on costs incurred in the first, second, and third year following SVR or SVR from ILD.

Negative ion analysis showed a similar trend with the positive ion results showing that H and OH negative ions detected, normalized by O negative, were in a decreasing trend as the contact angle and surface coverage decreased.

For ACE2 expression, compared to the COPD-CS group, the COPD-ES showed a decreasing trend, though this decline was not noticed for Furin and TMPRSS2 expression.

In both genotypes, the total PC content followed a decreasing trend until the last stage S5 was reached.

Three months after the second dose, antibody levels remained high but showing a decreasing trend, in this group.

In contrast, it is also possible that a change in green and yellow vegetable intake could not be detected in the present study because of the small sample size, as point estimates showed a decreasing trend in those who experienced widowhood.

For RILD, there was no significant difference between Group A and Group B, but there seemed to be a decreasing trend in Group B were compared with Group A.

It was obvious that with the increase of the day for overfeeding, the contents of moisture in the liver showed a decreasing trend.

Furthermore, the abundances of stress-tolerant bacteria showed a decreasing trend in HCs, CAD patients, and CAD-NAFLD patients ( Figure 3B ).

Third, levels of education and health literacy (i.e., ability to understand health information such as risks, and use of medical care services) affect attitudes toward decision-making participation, with a decreasing trend in intention to participate with decreasing levels of education and health literacy.

Furthermore, the first three functional taxa mentioned above, which are closely related to human pathogens, tend to increase gradually with resident time in soils, especially in the two blends, while the others showed a decreasing trend over time in BDMs.

There appeared to be a decreasing trend in N antigen concentration over increasing Euroimmun anti-S1 IgG test result ( Fig. 1 c), but no such trend was observed over increasing Abbott anti-N IgG test result ( Fig. 1 d), nor the increasing MNT titer ( Fig. 1 e).

After the year 2011, Ghana experienced a decreasing trend [ 17 , 31 ] (Fig. 2 ).

There was an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend in average water yield from 1974 to 2015.