“a decreasing trend”

A positive value of the statistic Z indicates an increasing trend and a negative value indicates a decreasing trend.

Although a decreasing trend in TEWL [ Fig. 4(a) ] and an increasing trend in moisture content [ Fig. 4(b) ] were observed on the test cream side, these changes were not statistically significant.

ESCC-bearing mice exhibited a decreasing trend in body weight over the latter half of the observation period, whereas non-ESCC (healthy) mice maintained their weight.

Porosity data showed an increasing trend up to GHA10, and a decreasing trend was observed.

As the GO content increases, the C * value exhibits a decreasing trend, particularly at the 2.0% level, indicating that the films become darker and less vibrant.

According to eq , a binary model of coal permeability under the coupling of temperature and effective stress was established by nonlinear surface fitting with the following results 8 k = 0.09646 + 1.18184 · e ( − σ / 7.07806 ) · e ( − T / 61.42813 ) ⁣ R 2 = 0.96 ( ZJM ) 9 k = 0.03046 + 1.88995 · e ( − σ / 4.40601 ) · e ( − T / 43.40768 ) ⁣ R 2 = 0.99 ( DHB ) 10 k = 0.02451 + 1.70168 · e ( − σ / 1.70631 ) · e ( − T / 69.20882 ) ⁣ R 2 = 0.97 ( CY ) At the same temperature and effective stress conditions, the permeability of the three coal samples exhibited a decreasing trend with an increasing coal rank ( Figure ).

, With respect to CH 4 composition, a decreasing trend was observed with increasing catalyst loading, with the lowest value recorded at 8 wt % (21.5%).

We lost half of them during hospitalization owing to fungal infection and irreversible brain injury, despite improvements in organ function and a decreasing trend in inflammatory biomarkers.

At the same time, the PV and VTA showed a decreasing trend.

For this second group, the analysis indicated a strong and statistically significant negative correlation ( r = −1; p-value = 0.0167), suggesting a decreasing trend in the DALY versus funding relationship (Fig. 2 b).

Among participants younger than 65, although no significant nonlinear association was observed between TPA and MCR risk, there was a decreasing trend in MCR risk as METs increased when METs were less than 105.5.

mandshurica , richness and diversity indices of fungal communities in the root orders 1–5 in the SA habitat exhibited a decreasing trend with root order.

After RT, the proportion of PD-1 high CD8 + T cells showed a decreasing trend (Fig. 5 F), which mainly reflected in the decrease of PD-1 high CD8 + Tem and Tcm cells (Fig. 5 F, Figure S11A).

For the mean CVC duration, both ICU and non-ICU groups showed a decreasing trend without a significant change after the intervention.

In-hospital mortality The number of stroke-related in-hospital deaths also shows a decreasing trend: 20,566 deaths in 2010 decreased to 14,057 in 2023, indicating a downward trend in in-hospital mortality.

However, most of the individual phenolics tested showed a decreasing trend between the phases: before digestion > oral phase > gastric phase > intestinal phase.

Notably, compared with 2020, most soil nutrient indicators showed a decreasing trend in 2021, while SOC and TN exhibited an overall increasing trend.

Pct demonstrated a decreasing trend, whereas MPV, PDW, and P-LCR rose sharply in individuals with high cholesterol (Figure 10 ).

The meta‐regression analysis revealed a decreasing trend per year for aneurysmal occlusion, ischemic stroke rate, and aneurysmal rupture rate over time and an increasing trend for ICH over time.

Specifically, in the rotational range of 0° to 90°, the electrical signal of FWIST unit-8 exhibits an increasing trend, whereas in the range of 90° to 180°, the electrical signal exhibits a decreasing trend.

Our study was able to disentangle these effects to some extent, as we found that OTU richness increased with age, whereas a decreasing trend in richness was found for weight, after correcting for age.

Both Streptomyces and Streptacidiphilus exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing biochar application rates, with reductions ranging from 1.37% to 9.39% and 1.26% to 10.96%, respectively.

The authors reported that breast cancer mortality specifically was 8% higher for AI/AN women compared to NHW women (2015–2019) and that rates remained stable in contrast to a decreasing trend for NHW women during this time period.

Similarly, levels of TC, TG, FBG, HbA1c, and CRP were elevated in participants with higher AIP, while HDL-C levels demonstrated a decreasing trend.

Whereas, seasonal bare land followed a decreasing trend, declining from 23.14 sq km in 2000 to 14.06 sq km in 2010 and further to 9.39 sq km in 2022 (Table 1 ).