“a negative trend”

This positive trend is compensated and surpassed by a negative trend induced by P-E (−0.02 ± 0.008 g kg −1 per decade), leading to net surface ocean freshening.

31 For the other six studies, three showed a positive trend favoring the intervention, 30 , 36 , 39 two showed a negative trend, 29 , 34 and one showed no effect. 37 A meta‐analysis of four studies with suitable outcome data, 30 , 31 , 34 , 39 which represented six intervention arms, showed a significant overall effect on BMI z‐score of −0.06 (95% CI [−0.10, −0.01] kg, p = 0.01; four studies, 423 participants [270 intervention group and 153 control group]; I 2 = 0%) favoring the intervention group (Figure 2 ).

bjoerkna showed a negative trend until after 2000 and only becomes positive in 2013 while not being significantly different from the suitability measure in 1973 at any point in time ( Fig. 3 ).

However, in the periods October–December 2020 and January to March 2021 (after lockdown), slow reversal in a negative trend was observed, but does not appear to have recovered to the pre-pandemic baseline level.

The per cent change in the RSA traits from NLP to LP of the top five genotypes was positive for TRL (19.12), TSA (18.25), TRV (16.98), TRT (20.97), TRF (25.49) but PRL (-0.34) and RAD (-0.40) showed a negative trend.

In females, there was a negative trend, but there was no significant correlation (r = − 0.27, p = 0.06).

DISCUSSION Patients with a smoking history had a negative trend for OS that did not reach statistical significance but significantly poorer DFS in the EGFR mutation-negative group.

( 1 )] indicate positive trends over time, and negative values indicate a negative trend.

Furthermore, it's worth highlighting that the correlation coefficient indicates a negative trend ( r = -0.217), suggesting that individuals speaking more languages tend to experience a lesser increase in intercultural competence.

In a study, Geier et al observed a significant negative correlation between glyphosate and total estradiol concentration, as well as a negative trend between glyphosate and total testosterone concentration.

S4 for large urban cities, where a negative trend is found for Los Angeles (− 3.5%/year) in the USA (33.5 ∘ N–35.5 ∘ N, 117.25 ∘ W–119.25 ∘ W), and positive trends are observed for New Delhi (1.2%/year) in India (27.6 ∘ N–29.6 ∘ N, 76.2 ∘ E–78.2 ∘ E) and Lima (2.8%/year) in Peru (11 ∘ S–13 ∘ S, 76 ∘ W–78 ∘ W).

However, this universal growth in the field is not so evident in developing countries; a negative trend is observed instead.

The biceps-triceps CCI showed a negative trend with pitch window number but was not significant (Table 3 ).

Besides, by analyzing previous data on 3D CULTREX ( Marchini et al., 2019 ) with current results on 2D CULTREX we detected a higher percentage of Nestin+ cells and a negative trend for GFAP markers when hNSCs were cultured in 3D environment.

The SW effect dominates the LW effect such that the total downward radiative flux has a negative trend and thus contributes to the slowdown of the surface warming.

In one patient (partial removal), a negative trend in the form of increased endocrine disorders was observed in the long-term postoperative period.

To our surprise, we found that almost half of the 21 pairs tested showed a negative trend, and that 5 out of 12 significant sign-epistatic interactions were negative.

There was a negative trend in the use of oral quinolones for outpatients and inpatients following educational intervention.

A negative trend between psSAR 10g and Δ T core was also observed, which does not make physical sense on its own, but is most likely caused by the correlation between Δ T core and wbSAR, as wbSAR and psSAR 10g were not varied independently in this study.

Towards the end of the first period of media coverage of regulatory warnings, GPs’ prescriptions for paroxetine showed a negative trend and continued decreasing until December 2009 ( Figure 3C , appendix table).

In our current study, we recorded a negative trend in performance of the tested germination traits with increasing level of salinity treatments across all the SA priming doses [reduction in final germination (%), germination energy (%), seedling length (cm), and seedling vigor index with an increase in mean germination time (day)].

Finally, a lower number of active days was associated with increased odds of self-exclusions in Germany, whereas the coefficients for the remaining countries were not significant but also showed a negative trend.

Related to the total lipid-modifying medicines expenditure, the expenditure for simvastatin had a negative trend with a decrease in share from 42.62% in 2010 to 4.77% in 2020.

The future WS 10 exhibits a wide uncertainty range from a positive to a negative trend.

The mean monthly precipitation presents a marked increase in every meteorological station, and is particularly evident after 1980 ( Figure 7 a), whereas the total accumulated precipitation by decade evinces a negative trend in almost every location assessed ( Figure 7 b).